目的: 探讨安徽省阜阳市和亳州市农村地区胃肠道疾病患者的焦虑、抑郁症状与其胃肠道症状的关联。方法: 采用分层随机抽样法在安徽省阜阳市和亳州市抽取40家乡镇卫生院作为调查点,对符合纳入标准的309例胃肠道患者进行面对面问卷调查。采用Spearman秩相关检验和负二项回归模型分析患者焦虑、抑郁症状与胃肠道症状的关联。结果: 在至少有1种胃肠道症状的患者中,焦虑症状和抑郁症状的检出率分别为30.3%和46.9%。Spearman秩相关分析显示,吞咽不顺畅、大便不成形每次发生持续时间与焦虑症状评分呈正相关(rs=0.441、0.263,P＜0.05);打嗝或嗳气、饭后心情不好每次发生持续时间,以及腹痛症状每年发生频次与抑郁症状评分呈正相关(rs=0.289、0.306、0.273,P＜0.05)。负二项回归分析显示,年龄、近3个月住院史、近1个月胃肠道药物服用史、焦虑症状评分和抑郁症状评分是胃肠道症状数量的影响因素(P＜0.05)。结论: 至少有1种胃肠道症状的患者焦虑、抑郁症状的检出率更高,且焦虑、抑郁症状的严重程度与胃肠道症状的数量有关。基层医生应注重对胃肠道疾病患者焦虑和抑郁等精神心理疾病的筛查和干预。
Objective: To explore the correlation between anxiety, depression symptoms and gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with gastrointestinal diseases in rural areas of Fuyang City and Bozhou City in Anhui Province. Methods: Using stratified random sampling method, 40 township hospitals were selected from Fuyang and Bozhou cities in Anhui province. A face-to-face survey was conducted among 309 gastrointestinal patients who met the inclusion criteria. Spearman rank correlation test and negative binomial regression model were used to analyze the association between patients’ anxiety, depression symptoms and gastrointestinal symptoms. Results: Among patients with at least one gastrointestinal symptom, the detection rates of anxiety symptoms and depression symptoms were 30.3% and 46.9%, respectively. Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that the duration of swallowing discomfort and loose stool were positively correlated with anxiety symptom score (rs=0.441, 0.263, P＜0.05); the duration of hiccups or belching, postprandial mood swings, and the frequency of abdominal pain per year were positively correlated with depression symptom score (rs=0.289, 0.306, 0.273, P＜0.05). The negative binomial regression analysis results showed that age, history of hospitalization in the past three months, history of gastrointestinal drug use in the past month, anxiety symptom scor, and depression symptom scor were influencing factors of the number of gastrointestinal symptoms (P<0.05). Conclusion: Patients presenting with at least one gastrointestinal symptom exhibit a higher detection rate of anxiety and depressive symptoms. Furthermore, the severity of anxiety and depression correlates with the number of gastrointestinal symptoms reported. Primary care doctors should pay attention to the screening and intervention of anxiety, depression and other psychological disorders in patients with gastrointestinal diseases.
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