Objective: To investigate the role of logistic prediction model based on two-dimensional ultrasound image features to assess the risk of BRAF V600E mutation in TI-RADS 4a thyroid nodules. Methods: Patients with TI-RADS category 4a thyroid nodules who underwent post-puncture BRAF V600E gene testing at Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College from January 2021 to September 2021 were collected, and data on ultrasound, pathology and gender and age of selected patients were obtained for retrospective analysis. The patients were divided into the BRAF V600E positive group(n=130)and BRAF V600E negative group(n=104)according to the gene test results. Multiple logistic regression models of two-dimensional ultrasound were constructed based on ultrasound image characteristics. The predictive efficacies of the models were assessed by ROC(receiver operating characteristic)curves and calibration curves, and the area under curve AUC was compared between the models using the Delong test. Results: The AUC for the training set obtained from the logistic echo model was 0.885 5(95%CI: 0.833 8-0.937 2), with specificity, sensitivity and accuracy of 67.0%, 96.0% and 83.0% respectively. The AUC of the validation set was 0.859 3(95%CI: 0.771 9-0.946 7), with specificity, sensitivity and accuracy of 79.0%, 84.0% and 82.0% respectively. Delong test results showed no statistically significant difference in AUC between the training and validation set models(P＞0.05). good clinical efficacy of the prediction models(total point 0.9)was showed by column plots. The calibration curve showed high agreement between the actual and predicted probabilities(C-index 0.9). Conclusion: Logistic regression models constructed based on 2D ultrasound image features can be used as a simple and non-invasive quantitative tool to predict the risk of BRAF V600E mutation in TI-RADS 4a thyroid nodules.

Objective: To investigate the impact of Mongolian medicine saorilao-4 (SRL-4) on miRNA and core genes involved in the gene regulatory network of lung tissue in rats with pulmonary fibrosis (PF). Methods: Rats were randomly divided into four groups: blank control group (CON), model group (MOD), positive drug control group, and SRL-4 group. Except for the CON group, rats in the other groups were administered with bleomycin via intratracheal injection to establish a pulmonary fibrosis model. The total RNA was extracted from rat lung tissue for transcriptome sequencing. The differentially expressed miRNA (DEM) in each group was screened by the difference analysis software edge R. The differentially expressed gene (DEG) of DEM was predicted by miRanda. The GO and KEGG were used to analyze the biological function enrichment of DEG. Cytoscape was used to construct the target gene regulatory network and screen the core genes. Results: Compared with CON, MOD selected 16 DEMs. Compared with MOD, SRL-4 screened 10 DEMs and regulated 63 052 target genes. GO analysis showed that the DEGs of SRL-4 and MOD were enriched in 52 GO entries. KEGG analysis showed that DEG was enriched in 182 signaling pathways, among which the number of genes related to purine metabolic pathway was the highest. By constructing a gene regulatory network, six core genes were screened, namely Spata25, Sultan1a1, Mpv17i, Cryba4, Jakmip3 and Fkbp5. Conclusion: By constructing a miRNA-Target regulatory network between SRL-4 and MOD, we identified six hub genes that are considered key molecules in the gene regulatory network for the treatment of PF. The improvement effect of SRL-4 on PF may be related to miR-433-3p, novel_202, miR-150-3p, and these 6 core genes. The purine metabolism-related signaling pathway may be a critical target and essential pathway for the treatment of PF.

Objective: To investigate the active ingredients and mechanism of Sophora alopecuroides L. in the treatment of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) based on network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques. Methods: The active ingredients in Sophora alopecuroides L. were screened by Herb platform, and the corresponding targets of active ingredients were searched in SIB database. The targets of alcoholic liver disease were obtained from NCBI and GeneCards databases. The mapping tool Venny 2.1 was used for intersection comparison to obtain common targets. The protein interaction analysis and visual presentation were performed on the String platform. The DAVID database was used for GO function and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis. Finally, AutoDock and PyMOL software were used for molecular docking. Results: Eight active ingredients and 97 effective targets were identified by network pharmacology. The mechanism of action might be related to cancer pathway, lipid and atherosclerosis, T cell receptor signaling pathway and VEGF signaling pathway, and the main targets involved were HSP90AA1, AKT1, FYN and AKT2. Molecular docking results showed that matrine, sophocarpine and sophoramine had good binding force with HSP90AA1, FYN and AKT1. Conclusion: Matrine, sophocarpine and sophoramine in Sophora alopecuroides L. can ameliorate ALD by inhibiting inflammatory response or apoptosis through multi-target and multi-pathway interactions.

Objective: To observe the effect of fire needle on the cartilage morphology of knee joint in rats with knee osteoarthritis (KOA), and to explore the mechanism of fire needle in the treatment of KOA. Methods: Twenty-one SD rats were divided into model group (n=13) and control group (n=8). The model group was injected with 0.2 mL of 4% papain into the knee joint cavity. Three rats were randomly selected from each group for modeling identification. The remaining 10 rats in the model group were randomly divided into model group and fire needle group, with 5 rats in each group. The fire needle group was treated with fire needle once every other day for 2 weeks. The model group was not treated. After intervention, the cartilage of rat knee joint was observed by naked eye, and the morphology of rat knee joint cartilage was observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining and safranin-fast green staining. Results: After modeling, the cartilage surface of the model group was rougher than that of the control group, and the chondrocytes were exposed, disordered and clustered compared with the control group. The cartilage structure was disordered compared with the control group, and the structure was not clear. After treatment, the cartilage surface of the control group was smooth and shiny; the cartilage surface of the model group was rough and lack of luster; the cartilage surface of the fire needle group was slightly rough, and the glossiness was more obvious than that of the model group. The results of hematoxylin-eosin staining and safranin O-fast green staining showed that the cartilage surface of the control group was flat, the extracellular matrix of the cartilage was evenly stained, the structure was clear, and the tidal line was intact. The model group showed rough surface, exposed chondrocytes, disordered arrangement, tidal line distortion and other pathological changes. The pathological changes of the fire needle group were lighter. Conclusion: Fire needle therapy can alleviate the knee cartilage injury and effectively treat knee osteoarthritis in rats.

Objective: To investigate the expression of miR-27a-3p in chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) and its involvement in insulin resistance through biological analysis. Methods: Download the miRNA expression dataset under CIH conditions from GEO, use the EdgeR package of R software for differential miRNA screening, and select differential miR-27a-3p as the research object. Using Target Scan, miRRisk, and miRDB to predict the target genes of miR-27a-3p and obtain the intersection for GO and KEGG enrichment analysis. The gene set of insulin resistance was retrieved through genecard, and the intersection of miR-27a-3p target genes was taken. Then, a PPI network of miR-27a-3p target genes was constructed, central genes were screened, and a miRNA mRNA pathway regulatory network was constructed. Results: a total of 37 differentially expressed miRNAs were screened from the GSE210021 dataset, among which miR-27a-3p was one of the down regulated genes. There are 505 intersecting target genes of miR-27a-3p in three databases, mainly involved in the regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity and other biological processes, as well as the MAPK signaling pathway. There are 137 intersecting target genes between the insulin resistance gene set and miR-27a-3p, including central genes such as EGFR. The miRNA mRNA pathway shows that miR-27a-3p is a key regulatory factor in the MAPK signaling pathway and other pathways. Conclusion: Under chronic intermittent hypoxia, miR-27a-3p expression is downregulated, which may be involved in the occurrence of insulin resistance by acting on target genes such as MAPK14. The mechanism may involve related signaling pathways of MAPK and other targets.

Objective: To observe the effects of ribokinase (Rbks) gene knockout on phenotype and glucose and lipid metabolism in C57BL/6J mice. Methods: 12 male 8-week-old wide type (WT) and Rbks gene knockout (KO) C57BL/6J mice were fed for 10 weeks. The changes of appearance, body weight, food intake, water intake and fasting blood glucose were observed regularly. At the end of the observation period, the contents of triglyceride and cholesterol were measured. Results: After being fed normally for 10 weeks, compared with WT mice, KO mice had no significant difference in appearance and body weight(P＞0.05), but food intake and water intake decreased, fasting blood glucose level increased significantly(P＜0.05), serum triglyceride content increased and total cholesterol content decreased (all P＜0.05). Conclusion: Although Rbks gene knockout has no effect on the shape and weight of mice, it will affect the balance of glucose and lipid metabolism in mice.

Objective: To investigate the effects of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells on renal tissue injury and expression of uromodulin in rats with diabetic nephropathy. Methods: The diabetic nephropathy model was established and divided into normal control group (NC group), diabetic kidney disease (DKD) group (DKD group), and human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HU-MSCs) treatment of diabetic nephropathy group (HU-MSCs+DKD group). The expression of uromodulin (UMOD) and related factors in renal tissue and urine of diabetic nephropathy rats before and after HU-MSCs treatment was detected. Results: In the early stage of renal injury in DKD group, the level of UMOD in urine and renal interstitium increased (P＜0.001), and the expression of distal tubule marker protein SLC12a3 decreased. Compared with the control group, HU-MSCs treatment significantly reduced serum urea nitrogen (P＜0.01), 24-hour urinary protein (P＜0.05), and urinary albumin / creatinine ratio (P＜0.05) in DKD rats. After HU-MSCs treatment, glomerular volume decreased, mesangial cells and basement membrane thickening decreased, renal tubular injury decreased, urine and renal interstitial UMOD expression decreased, and SLC12a3 level increased. Conclusion: In the early stage of diabetic nephropathy, HU-MSCs can reduce renal tissue injury, and its reduction of renal tubular injury is related to the decrease of uromodulin in renal tissue.

Objective: To investigate the molecular mechanism by which exosomal secretion of miR-133a-3p regulates TGFBR1 and promotes the progression of prostate cancer. Methods: Exosomes were extracted from prostate cancer cells, and the expression of exosom-associated markers such as leukocyte differentiation antigen 81 (CD81) and leukocyte differentiation antigen 63 (CD63) was detected by Western blot assay (WB). The expression of miR-133a-3p was detected by miRNA matrix sequencing. Cell cloning experiment, cell proliferation 8 (CCK-8) experiment, EdU cell proliferation experiment and cell migration experiment were used to detect the effects of co-cultured exosomes+miR-133a-3p on the proliferation and metastasis of prostate cancer. Dual luciferase reporter gene assay was used to detect the binding of miR-133a-3p to TGFBR1. Real-time fluorescence quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and WB were used to detect the effect of regulation of miR-133a-3p on transforming growth factor β receptor 1 (TGFBR1) . Results: Compared with NC group, the expressions of CD81 and CD63 in co-cultured exosomes were increased (P＜0.05). Cell cloning experiment, CCK-8 experiment, EDU experiment, scratch experiment, and cell migration experiment showed that compared with NC group, the cell proliferation and metastasis ability of Mir-133a-3P group (transfected with miR-133a mimic) decreased (P＜0.05). Dual luciferase reporter gene experiment showed that miR-133a-3p binding TGFBR1 sequence and overexpression of miR-133a-3p inhibited the expression of TGFBR1 (P＜0.05). WB results showed that compared with NC group, the expressions of WNT, GSK3β, C-MYC and β-catenin in si-TGFBR1 group were decreased, while the expressions of WNT, GSK3β, C-MYC and β-catenin in oe-TGFBR1 group were increased (P＜0.05). However, the expressions of WNT, GSK3β, C-MYC and β-catenin in oe-TGFBR1+miR-133a-3p group were not different from those in NC group. Conclusion: Prostate cancer cell-derived exosome miR-133a-3p targets TGFBR1 to promote the malignant phenotype of prostate cancer cells.

Objective: To explore the regulation mechanism of intestinal mucosal inflammatory factors in rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: Twenty male Wister rats were randomly divided into blank control group and COPD model group, with 10 rats in each group. The COPD rat model was established by smoking combined with intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). After successful modeling, the colonic mucosa of rats in each group was taken and the morphological changes of colonic mucosa were observed under transmission electron microscope. The contents of TNF-α, IL-1β and MUC2 in colonic mucosa homogenate of rats were determined by ELISA. Results: (1) Compared with the blank group, the rats in the model group had colonic mucosal microstructure damage, the number of goblet cells was decreased (P＜0.001), the length of villi was decreased (P＜0.001), and the depth of crypt was decreased (P＜0.001). (2) Compared with the blank group, there were more inflammatory factors in the model group, and the results of ELISA showed that the expressions of TNF-α and IL-1β were increased (P＜0.001), the expression of MUC2 was decreased (P＜0.001). Conclusion: COPD rats have colonic mucosal microstructure and chemical barrier damage, and there is chronic inflammatory factor infiltration in the colonic mucosa of COPD rats.

Objective: To investigate the changes of tachykinin 1 (Tac1) neurons in central amygdala (CeA) of acute pain model mice. Methods: The experimental animals were divided into saline group, formalin group and capsaicin (Cap) group by random number table method. Male C57BL/6 mice were used to prepare acute pain model. 20 μL Formalin and Cap were injected into the left hind paw of mice, and the control group was injected with the same volume of normal saline. The positive expression of c-FOS in CeA of mice was observed 2 h after successful modeling. The activation of CeA^Tac1 neurons in two acute pain models was observed by immunofluorescence histochemistry. The images were collected and the neurons were counted and analyzed. Results: The number of c-FOS positive neurons activated in CeA in formalin group and Cap group was higher than that in control group (P＜0.000 1), and the number of c-FOS positive neurons in formalin group was higher than that in Cap group (P＜0.01). The proportion of c-FOS/tdTomato double-labeled neurons in CeA^Tac1 neurons in Formalin group and Cap group was (3.50±0.71)% and (1.10±0.32)%, respectively, and that in Formalin group was higher than that in Cap group (P＜0.000 1). Conclusion: The CeA^Tac1 neurons can be activated under both acute pain stimuli, the CeA^Tac1 neurons are involved in the conduction of acute pain, and c-FOS expression in CeA^Tac1 neurons is more obvious under Formalin stimulation.

Objective: To study the serum levels of pentraxin-3 (PTX3) and 25-hydroxyvitamin [25(OH)₂D₃] in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complicated with osteoporosis (OP) and their correlation with the disease and diagnostic value. Methods: Patients diagnosed with OP in Baotou Fourth Hospital from October 1, 2022 to October 1, 2023 were selected as the research objects. According to the fasting blood glucose results of OP patients, the patients with T2DM combined with OP were set as group A (31 patients), and the patients with simple OP were set as group B (29 patients). At the same time, the patients with normal bone mass in the same period were selected as the control group, namely group C (29 patients). The levels of PTX3 and 25(OH)₂D₃ in serum of each group were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the fasting blood glucose of each group was monitored. The correlation between the levels of PTX3 and 25(OH)₂D₃ in serum and the occurrence of T2DM combined with OP was analyzed by statistical method. Results: The serum PTX3 level in group A was significantly higher than that in group B and group C, 25(OH)₂D₃ was significantly lower than that in group B and group C, and fasting blood glucose was significantly higher than that in group B and group C. The area under the ROC curve of serum PTX3, 25(OH)₂D₃ and combined detection in predicting T2DM with OP was 0.647 (95%CI: 0.506-0.788), 0.914 (95%CI: 0.844-0.984) and 0.974 (95%CI: 0.941-1.000), respectively. The area under the ROC curve of combined detection of PTX3 and 25(OH)₂D₃ for the diagnosis of T2DM with OP was significantly larger than that of PTX3 and 25(OH)₂D₃ alone. Conclusion: The expression level of serum PTX3 in T2DM patients with OP is increased, and the expression of 25(OH)₂D₃ sdecreased. The combined detection of the two is helpful for the diagnosis of T2DM with OP.

Objective: To observe the diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging in brucella spondylitis(BS) and the effectiveness of Mongolian medicine treatment. Methods: Fifty patients with acute BS were treated as the research object, and all of them were treated with Mongolian medicine. Magnetic resonance scanning was performed before and after treatment to analyze the imaging characteristics of spinal lesions and surrounding tissues. Results: After Brucella infection of psoas major, magnetic resonance imaging showed low signal and high signal on T1WI and T2WI; the results of paravertebral soft tissue imaging showed low signal and high signal on T1WI and T2WI. The boundary between the lesion tissue and its adjacent normal tissue was not clear. Paravertebral abscess and epidural abscess generally appeared in the affected vertebral tissue, and the abscess wall of the patient showed equal signal on T1WI and high signal on T2WI on magnetic resonance imaging. T1WI and T2WI in the abscess cavity showed low signal and high signal, respectively. After treatment with Mongolian medicine, the range of early spinal and surrounding soft tissue lesions was reduced. Conclusion: In the diagnosis of patients with BS, magnetic resonance imaging can not only grasp the shape of the diseased vertebral body, infection and lumbar involvement, but also clarify the range of paravertebral abscess and epidural abscess, laying a foundation for the later treatment of the disease.

Objective: To compare the efficacy of 3% hypertonic saline(HTS) and 10% HTS combining with 20% mannitol(MT) in the treatment of high cranial pressure after acute massive cerebral infarction. Methods: A total of 40 patients with acute massive cerebral infarction complicated with intracranial hypertension diagnosed and treated by the inpatient Department of Encephalopathy, Guilin Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from 2020 to 2023 were selected in this study. Selected patients were divided into two groups(20 patients in each group) according to random number table method. The treatment group(groupA) was treated with 10% HTS 60 mL and 20% MT 125 mL at alternate static points for cranial pressure reduction(the specific frequency was referred to the adjustment of intracranial pressure), and the control group(groupB) was treated with 130 mL of 3% HTS and 125 mL of 20% MT sequentially. Intracranial pressure(ICP), mean arterial pressure(MAP) and central venous pressure(CVP) were continuously monitored before and after medication in both groups, and the corresponding cerebral perfusion pressure(CPP) was calculated according to ICP and MAP. The duration of effective reduction of intracranial pressure, the maximum reduction and duration of intracranial pressure in enrolled patients were recorded, and the blood sodium value and plasma osmotic pressure were recorded before, 2 and 6 hours after medication. Results: A total of 40 cases were enrolled, with 36 cases completed and 4 cases rejected. The statistical results showed that ICP, MAP, CPP, blood sodium and osmotic pressure were significantly different between the two groups before and after treatment in different periods(P＜0.05). After 2 and 6 h of medication, ICP in groupA was lower than that in groupB(P＜0.05), while MAP, CVP, CPP, sodium and plasma osmotic pressure were higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05). ICP was the most significantly decreased 2 h after treatment(P＜0.05), and ICP was the most significantly decreased in the range of 150 to 160 mmol/L of blood sodium(P＜0.05). Conclusion: 3% and 10% HTS can effectively reduce ICP in patients with acute large area cerebral infarction, but 10% HTS has more lasting effect on reducing intracranial pressure and less influence on blood sodium and internal environment, which is worthy of clinical promotion.

Objective: To explore the expression characteristics of C5a receptor (C5aR1), bradykinin receptor B1 (BDKRB1), hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and G0/G1 switch 2 (G0S2) genes in the Correa development model of intestinal gastric cancer, and to screen the predictors of the progression of gastric precancerous lesions. Methods: The paraffin blocks of chronic non-atrophic gastritis (CNAG), chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG), low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LGIN), high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HGIN), early gastric cancer (EGC) and early gastric cancer in submucosa were selected. The protein expression levels of C5aR1, BDKRB1, G0S2 and HIF-1α in each tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results: C5aR1 was mainly expressed in cell membrane and cytoplasm, BDKRB1 was mainly expressed in cell membrane, G0S2 and HIF-1α were mainly expressed in cytoplasm and nucleus. The expression levels of C5aR1, BDKRB1 and G0S2 in HGIN and EGC tissues were significantly higher than those in CAG and CNAG tissues(P＜0.001). The expression level of HIF-1α in HGIN and EGC tissues was significantly higher than that in CNAG(P＜0.001), but there was no statistical difference compared with CAG. There was no significant difference in the expression of the four factors between LGIN and other tissues, and there was no significant difference in the expression of CNAG and CAG tissues. Conclusion: The expressions of C5aR1, BDKRB1, G0S2 and HIF-1α increase with the Correa development stage of intestinal type gastric cancer, which may have the value of predicting the progression of gastric precancerous lesions.

Objective: To investigate the early effect of Kinesio taping combined with rehabilitation training on patients with anterior and posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction under arthroscopy. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 40 patients (40 knees) who underwent arthroscopic anterior and posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in the First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology from May 2013 to April 2023, including 28 males and 12 females, aged 18-50 years, with an average age of 32.5 years; the time from injury to treatment was 1-12 days, with an average of 5.9 days, and the time from injury to operation was 8-21 days, with an average of 15.1 days; among them, 20 patients receiving traditional rehabilitation were defined as the control group, and 20 patients receiving traditional rehabilitation+Kinesio taping were defined as the experimental group. The pain degree of the affected limbs of the two groups was evaluated by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) before operation and 5 days, 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks after operation. The swelling degree of the knee joint of the two groups was evaluated by the difference between the circumference of 5 cm above the patella of the affected limb and the circumference of the same position on the healthy side. Lysholm score was used to evaluate the recovery of knee joint function after operation. Berg scale was used to evaluate the recovery of limb balance ability in the two groups. The recovery of proprioception of the affected limbs of the two groups was evaluated by active flexion position recurrence method. Results: All 40 patients were followed up after operation. The VAS score of the affected limb in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group at 2 weeks after operation (P＜0.05), the improvement of swelling degree was better than that in the control group at 4 weeks after operation (P＜0.01), the Lysholm score was gradually higher than that in the control group at 4 weeks after operation (P＜0.05), the Berg score was better than that in the control group at 6 weeks after operation (P＜0.01), and the recovery of proprioception of the affected limb was better than that in the control group at 8 weeks after operation (P＜0.05). Conclusion: Kinesio taping can effectively relieve early limb pain and swelling in patients with anterior and posterior cruciate ligament rupture after arthroscopic reconstruction, promote the recovery of knee joint balance and proprioception, and improve knee joint function.