家庭参与式护理模式(family integrated care, FICare)具备促进早产儿成长发育、减轻早产儿父母负面情绪以及提升早产儿父母育儿照护能力等优势。本文详细阐述了FICare的起源、定义、特点、应用状况、干预内容以及实施方法,并针对我国新生儿监护病房(neonatal intensive care unit, NICU)所面临的挑战,提出了相应的建议与展望,旨在为国内早产儿护理提供参考依据。

Objective: To measure the quality of life of patients with ischemic stroke by using five-dimensional euro quality of life (EQ-5D) and stroke specific quality of life scale (SS-QOL), and to compare the differences between EQ-5D and SS-QOL. Methods: The EQ-5D and SS-QOL were used to evaluate the quality of life of 236 ischemic stroke patients in a tertiary hospital in Nantong city. Internal consistency reliability, known-group validity, Spearman's correlation, discriminant validity, and central tendency of the two scales were compared and analyzed. Results: The Cronbach's α coefficients of EQ-5D and SS-QOL were 0.826 and 0.948, respectively. EQ-5D and SS-QOL scores were different in different infarct hemispheres, NIHSS score, water swallow test grades, and other disease-related characteristics (P＜0.05). The two scales showed a significant overall correlation (r=0.773, P=0.000), but some dimensions were not correlated (P＞0.05). There were significant differences in EQ-5D utility value and EQ-VAS value among different SS-QOL scores (P＜0.01). The total score of SS-QOL was statistically significant in different dimensions and levels of EQ-5D (P＜0.01). The EQ-5D exhibited a ceiling effect (53.4%), with an overall poor central tendency. In contrast, the SS-QOL total score showed no ceiling effect and had a good overall central tendency. Conclusion: EQ-5D and SS-QOL have good reliability, validity and discrimination, which can be used to evaluate the quality of life of patients with ischemic stroke. EQ-5D has a ceiling effect and is suitable for rapid screening of moderate and severe patients. SS-QOL has no ceiling effect and is suitable for comprehensive evaluation of the dynamic changes of patients' quality of life.

慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, COPD)是一种进展性呼吸系统疾病,伴随长期的炎症反应。常用的治疗药物虽然能改善患者部分临床症状,但往往会面临药物依赖性和不良反应等诸多挑战,寻找相对安全、有效的治疗策略成为目前亟须解决的问题。天然来源的中药及其活性成分在抗炎和调节免疫功能等方面表现出较大的优势和潜力,为COPD的治疗带来了新的契机。因此,本文系统梳理了近年来关于中药复方、单体及其活性成分通过多种炎症相关信号通路干预COPD的研究进展,旨在为中药治疗COPD提供理论依据与研究思路。

Objective: To investigate the relationship between ABCG2 ( rs2231142 ) allele distribution and hyperuricemia (HUA) in men in Inner Mongolia. Methods: A case-control study was conducted to select 408 males who underwent physical examination in the physical examination center of the Fourth Hospital of Baotou from September 2023 to April 2024, including 202 cases in HUA group and 204 cases in non-HUA group. KASP-competitive allele-specific PCR was used to detect gene polymorphism. The χ² test was used for comparison between allele groups, and the relationship between allele and male HUA was analyzed by Logistic regression. Results: The distribution frequencies of alleles G and T of ABCG2 (rs2231142) locus in the HUA group were 65.3% and 34.7% respectively, while those in the non-HUA group were 71.8% and 28.2% respectively. There was a difference in the frequency distribution between the two groups (P=0.047). The minor allele T was associated with HUA in men, and compared with men carrying allele G, men carrying allele T had an increased risk of HUA (OR=1.358, 95%CI: 1.005-1.836). Stratified analysis of age showed that minor allele T was associated with the occurrence of HUA in men aged 40-60 years old, which was the influencing factor of HUA in men of this age group (OR=1.477, 95%CI:1.003-2.173). Conclusion: In the male population in Inner Mongolia, the T allele of ABCG2 (rs2231142) locus presents a relatively higher proportion in individuals with HUA. The minor allele T is associated with an increased risk of HUA in local males, and this risk association is more significant in men aged 40 to 60 years.

Objective: To identify the key genes related to the occurrence and development of lung adenocarcinoma by bioinformatics, and to explore its potential application value in the survival and prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma. Methods: The transcriptome data from the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) database were screened for differentially expressed genes between lung adenocarcinoma and normal tissues via R software. Gene ontology (GO) and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) were subsequently performed to study the function and pathway enrichment of the identified DEGs. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to identify the key modules and the genes in key modules based on the lung adenocarcinoma dataset from TCGA database. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression model were used to analyze the predictors related to the prognosis of patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Results: A total of 1 749 DEGs based on the gene expression data from TCGA were screened. By WGCNA, there were six gene modules related to the clinical characteristics of patients with lung adenocarcinoma, of which the blue, brown, turquoise, yellow and green modules showed the highest positive correlation with the occurrence and development of lung adenocarcinoma (r=0.69, r=0.42, r=-0.65, r=-0.41, r=-0.30, P＜0.01). Ultimately, CDK1, DLGAP5 and PLK1 were identified by integrating the DEGs with key module genes of WGCNA and then the overexpression of CDK1, DLGAP5 and PLK1 was associated with a poor prognosis in patients with lung adenocarcinoma (P＜0.05). Conclusion: CDK1, DLGAP5 and PLK1 are associated with a poor prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma, which as potential therapeutic targets for improving the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma.

Objective: To investigate the damage of neodymium oxide (Nd₂O₃) exposure on mitochondria of astrocytes (AST) and the role of tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) in it. Methods: AST was extracted from SD rats within 3 days of birth, and the specific expression of GFAP was identified by immunofluorescence. CCK8 kit was used to detect the cell survival rate after neodymium oxide exposure. DCFH-DA probe was used to detect intracellular reactive oxygen species; MitoSOX Red was used to detect the reactive oxygen species in mitochondria. Mitochondrial membrane potential was detected by Rhodamine 123. The live cell staining markers F-actin, β-tubulin and mitochondria were used to observe the structure, quantity and mitochondrial transmission of TNTs. Results: The extracted astrocytes specifically expressed GFAP; the optimal exposure dose and time were determined by cell viability testing to be 10 μg/mL Nd₂O₃ and 12 hours. After Nd₂O₃ exposure, the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species were significantly increased, and the mitochondrial membrane potential was decreased; the structure of TNTs in AST-AST was dominated by F-actin; and after Nd₂O₃ exposure, the number of TNTs in ASTs was increased, while TNTs mediated mitochondrial transmission in ASTs after Nd₂O₃ exposure. Conclusion: The increased level of oxidative stress in AST caused by Nd₂O₃ has been demonstrated to trigger mitochondrial damage and to mediate intercellular mitochondrial transmission via TNTs.

Objective: The endophytes with antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans are isolated and screened from Schisandra chinensis fruit, providing more screening sources for developing new clinical antibacterial drugs. Methods: The inhibitory activities of the endophytes against the three test pathogens were detected by the plate standoff method and Oxford cup method, and the data were statistically analyzed by SPSS Statistics 20.0 software, and the genera of the endophytes were further identified by morphological observation, physiological and biochemical characteristics, and molecular biology methods. Results: 25 endophytic strains were isolated, among which the fermentation broth of strain GF20 had strong antibacterial activity against the three tested pathogenic bacteria. After identification, GF20 was determined to be a bacterium of the genus Bacillus. Conclusion: Schisandra chinensis fruits are rich in endophytic bacteria, which have different antibacterial activities against common pathogenic bacteria and can potentially develop new antibacterial drugs.

Objective: To investigate the potential mechanisms of Prunella vulgaris for the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM) through network pharmacology and molecular docking methods. Methods: The active ingredients of Prunella vulgaris were screened by TCMSP database, the active ingredient targets of Prunella vulgaris were predicted from STP database, and the related targets of DM were screened in TTD, OMIM, DisGENET and DrugBank disease databases. STRING was used to construct the protein interaction network, Cytoscape 3.8.0 and Omicshare were used for topology analysis, GO function and KEGG pathway enrichment, and the affinity between the active components of Prunella vulgaris and the key targets was verified by molecular docking. Results: Twenty active ingredients and 167 disease targets of Prunella vulgaris were obtained, and and 57 core targets such as serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (AKT1) were found by network topology analysis. KEGG pathway was enriched in proteoglycans, advanced glycation end products-receptor for advanced glycation end products (AGE-RAGE), C-type lectin receptors and other metabolic pathways in diabetic complications to exert the therapeutic effect of Prunella vulgaris on DM. Molecular docking showed that the core components of spinasterol, morin, stigmast-7-enol, vitamin K, β-sitosterol had good binding activity with amyloid precursor protein (APP), AKT1, interleukin 6 (IL-6) and other targets. Conclusion: Prunella vulgaris mainly mediates phosphatidylinositol-4 through spinasterol, morin, stigmast-7-enol, vitamin K, β-sitosterol and stigmasterol. Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA), AKT1, mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MAPK3), IL-6, APP and other targets regulate proteoglycan and C-type lectin receptor signaling pathways, and play a role in regulating glucose homeostasis and glucose uptake, thereby improving the symptoms of DM and complications.

Objective: To investigate whether total glycosides from cornus officinalis (TGCO) can improve cognitive dysfunction caused by hypothyroidism via regulating cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP). Methods: Sixty adult male SD rats were randomly divided into model group, blank control group, TGCO low-dose group (3 g/kg·d), TGCO medium-dose group (6 g/kg·d), TGCO high-dose group (12 g/kg·d) and positive control group (Euthyrox). The rat model of hypothyroidism was prepared by intragastric administration of 0.1% propylthiouracil solution for 30 days. After successful modeling, the corresponding doses of TGCO were given to each administration group for 21 days. The learning and cognitive function was tested by Morris water maze. The levels of serum thyroid hormones and related neurotransmitters were measured by ELISA. The expression of inflammatory factors, neurotransmitter synthase and related signaling pathway proteins in the brain were detected by Western blot. Results: Compared with the model group, the escape latency of each TGCO dose group was gradually shortened, the target quadrant residence time and the number of crossing the platform were gradually increased, and the effect of the high dose group was the most significant (P＜0.05). Compared with the model group, the levels of triiodothyronine (T3) and tetraiodothyronine (T4) in the serum of rats in the TGCO high-dose group were increased, and the levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were decreased (P＜0.05). At the same time, the levels of acetylcholine (Ach) and dopamine (DA) in the serum of rats in the TGCO high-dose group were increased (P＜0.05), and the level of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) was decreased (P＜0.05). Compared with the model group, the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in each TGCO dose group were decreased gradually (P＜0.05). The expression of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) were increased gradually in a dose-dependent manner (P＜0.05). Conclusion: TGCO can effectively improve cognitive dysfunction caused by hypothyroidism, and its mechanism may be related to regulating neurotransmitters, inhibiting inflammatory response and regulating related signaling pathways, which provides a new theoretical basis for clinical treatment.

Objective: To observe the expression and role of long non-coding RNA(LncRNA) potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily q member 1 overlapping transcription 1(KCNQ1OT1) in coronary atherosclerotic heart disease(CHD), and to explore whether it can become a potential biomarker for predicting acute myocardial infarction(AMI). Methods: A total of 240 patients were selected and divided into AMI group, unstable angina pectoris(UAP) group, stable angina pectoris(SAP) group and non-coronary heart disease control group, with 60 cases in each group. Venous blood was collected from the AMI group 6 hours after symptom onset, and blood samples were collected from the other three groups in the early morning of the next day after admission. The supernatant of the blood samples was extracted after centrifugation and frozen for RNA extraction. The basic clinical data, myocardial injury markers, lipid levels and other test results of the selected patients were recorded, and their history of hypertension and diabetes was noted. The expression levels of LncRNA in the peripheral blood of the patients were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR), and the ROC curve was drawn and the area under the curve was calculated to determine the diagnostic value of LncRNA. The correlation between LncRNA and some myocardial injury markers, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP), and left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) was analyzed. Results: (1) The expression of LncRNA KCNQ1OT1 in the serum of AMI patients was significantly higher than that in the control group(P＜0.05).(2) The expression of LncRNA KCNQ1OT1 in the serum of AMI patients was positively correlated with the expression of cTnI, CK-MB and NT-proBNP, and negatively correlated with the expression of LVEF%.(3) The predictive ability of LncRNA KCNQ1OT1: AUC was 0.793(95% CI: 0.727 - 0.859), with a sensitivity of 60.2%, a specificity of 90.2%, and a cutoff value of 1.635. Conclusion: The highly expressed LncRNA KCNQ1OT1 in serum can serve as a biological marker for the diagnosis and prognosis assessment of AMI.

Objective: Accurate detection of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangement is crucial for ALK inhibitor (ALK-TKI) targeted therapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Currently, the methods used in hospital laboratories include reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and the next generation sequencing (NGS). In this study, we evaluated the performance of the three methods in detecting ALK rearrangements to provide theoretical support for precise diagnosis of ALK. Methods: This study selected 38 ALK-positive patients and used RT-PCR, FISH, and NGS to detect ALK rearrangements in the samples. The consistency of the three methods in ALK detection was evaluated. Then, the consistency between these three ALK methods and the therapeutic effects of ALK-TKI will be analyzed separately. Results: The positive rates of ALK rearrangement detected by RT-PCR, FISH, and NGS were 89.47%, 86.84%, and 97.37%, respectively, among the 38 cases. Among them, NGS detected 3 rare ALK rearrangements. The consistency of RT-PCR and FISH in detecting ALK rearrangement was strong (Kappa=0.623, P＜0.05). However, there was no consistency between NGS and RT-PCR or FISH in detecting ALK rearrangement (Kappa=-0.044 and 0.303). The survival numbers of ALK-positive cases defined by the three methods after 22 months of ALK-TKI treatment were statistically analyzed, and the results showed no significant difference (P＞0.05). Conclusion: Compared with RT-PCR and FISH, the NGS method shows a higher positive detection rate, especially in rare ALK rearrangements, where it has a stronger detection capability. Therefore, this study advocates the use of NGS to detect ALK rearrangements when the experimental conditions are met, which can effectively improve the treatment outcome and prognosis assessment of NSCLC patients.

Objective: To investigate whether Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharides (CPP) alleviate acute pulmonary embolism (APE) via suppression of inflammation-mediated immune responses. Methods: Sixty 6-month-old healthy SD rats, half male and half female, were randomly divided into five groups: sham operation group, model group, high-dose Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide group(200 mg·kg^-1·d^-1), medium-dose Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide group (100 mg·kg^-1·d^-1), low-dose Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide group (50 mg·kg^-1·d^-1). The rat model of pulmonary embolism was established by internal jugular vein injection of autologous thrombus. The success of model preparation was comprehensively judged by observing daily behavior, combined with blood oxygen saturation detection, D-dimer (D-D) level detection and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) level detection. Different doses of Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide were given to the model animals for 1 week. The daily behavior of the animals was observed and the blood oxygen saturation was detected. The serum levels of hs-CRP, homocysteine (Hcy), D-dimer, thromboxane A2 (TXA2) synthase and prostacyclin (PGI2) synthase were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The protein expression levels of D-dimer and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in lung tissue of rats were detected by Western blot. The levels of plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were detected by radioimmunoassay. Results: After modeling, the number of dyspnea, abdominal breathing and alar agitation in the experimental rats were increased (P＜0.05), and the heart rate and blood oxygen saturation were decreased (P＜0.05). Compared with the model group, the abdominal respiration and nasal alar agitation in each dose group of Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide were decreased (P＜0.05), and the heart rate and blood oxygen saturation in each dose group of Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide were increased (P＜0.05). ELISA results showed that compared with the sham operation group, the levels of serum hs-CRP, Hcy, TXA2 synthetase and PGI2 synthetase in the model group were increased (P＜0.05). Compared with the model group, the levels of serum hs-CRP, Hcy and TXA2 in each dose group of Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide were decreased (P＜0.05), and the level of PGI2 was increased (P＜0.05) in a dose-dependent manner. The results of Western blot showed that the protein expression of D-D and PAI-1 in the model group was higher than that in the sham operation group (P＜0.05). Compared with the model group, that in each dose group of Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide was decreased (P＜0.05). The results of radioimmunoassay showed that the levels of serum IL-6 and TNF-α in the model group were higher than those in the sham operation group (P＜0.05). Compared with the model group, the levels of serum IL-6 and TNF-α in each dose group of Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide were decreased (P＜0.05). Conclusion: Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide can inhibit excessive inflammatory response by anti-inflammatory, inhibiting thrombosis, and regulating pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory cytokine network, which play a therapeutic role in pulmonary embolism from multiple pathways.

Objective: To analyze the influencing factors of job burnout of nursing staff in nursing homes, and put forward targeted management countermeasures, so as to provide reference for improving the working status of nursing staff and improving the quality of elderly care services. Methods: A total of 203 nursing staff from a nursing home in Longgang District, Shenzhen, were selected as the study subjects. The Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS) was administered, combined with objective data such as customer complaints and sick leave records. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to examine the influencing factors and consequences of job burnout. Results: Job burnout among nursing staff had a significant positive impact on customer complaints (b=0.548, P＜0.001), sick leave (b=0.335, P＜0.001), and turnover intention (b=0.758, P＜0.001). Workload, rewards and community perception were identified as key factors contributing to burnout. Specifically, higher workload (b=0.243,P＜0.001) corresponded to higher burnout levels, while lower rewards (b=-0.199, P＜0.005) and community perception (b=-0.285,P＜0.005) also increased burnout. Conclusion: Job burnout is a primary factor affecting the efficiency and service quality of nursing staff in elderly care facilities. Measures such as optimizing the work environment, establishing a fair reward system, and fostering a supportive community atmosphere should be implemented to effectively alleviate burnout and enhance the quality of elderly care services.

Objective: To explore the effects of family dietary behavior and dietary structure on overweight/obesity in children aged 6-12 years in Huangdao District of Qingdao City, and to provide a basis for formulating regional intervention strategies. Methods: From October 2023 to February 2024, children aged 6-12 years old in Huangdao District of Qingdao City who came to Qingdao Huangdao District Central Hospital for physical examination were selected as the research objects, and the data were collected by questionnaire survey. The questionnaire included general demographic indicators, basic physical indicators, family factors and dietary survey. Results: A total of 560 valid questionnaires were obtained, with overweight accounting for 17.1%(95/560) and obesity accounting for 22.1%(124/560 ). The proportion of boys in overweight and obesity groups was significantly higher than that in normal group(P＜0.05). Among them, the proportion of mothers with college degree or above and the proportion of nuclear families in the overweight group were higher than those in the normal group(P＜0.05). In terms of family eating behavior, the number of eating out ≥2 times and the number of meals before bedtime in the overweight and obese group were significantly higher than those in the normal group(P＜0.05); the proportion of regular breakfast decreased, and the proportion of regular breakfast in the normal group was significantly higher than that in the obese group(P＜0.05); the sleep duration of the three groups was insufficient, and the number of children with sleep time >10 h per night on the rest day in the obese group was significantly lower than that in the normal group(P＜0.05). In terms of dietary factors, compared with the normal group, the average weekly intake frequency of pancakes/deep-fried dough sticks/deep-fried dough sticks, buns/dumplings/wontons in cereals, processed meat products in meat, carbonated drinks, biscuits/cakes and puffed food in other categories in the overweight and obese groups were higher(P＜0.05). The average weekly intake frequency of tubers in the obese group was significantly lower than that in the normal group, while the intake frequency of livestock meat and Western fast food was higher than that in the normal group(all P＜0.05). Conclusion: The proportion of overweight and obesity in children in Huangdao District of Qingdao City is relatively high. In addition to being related to their own gender, it is also closely related to the type of core family structure, the frequency of eating out, pre-bedtime meals, lack of sleep and high-calorie dietary intake. Interventions should focus on changing family lifestyles and cultivating children′s healthy dietary habits.

Objective: To investigate the application of perioperative nutritional cluster management strategy in patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy. Methods: A total of 56 patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy in our hospital from August 2021 to February 2025 were randomly divided into observation group and control group, with 28 patients in each group. The control group received perioperative routine nutritional care. The observation group adopted the perioperative nutrition cluster management strategy. That was the patient's preoperative and postoperative cluster nutrition management (including nutrition knowledge education, nutrition assessment screening, ensuring nutrition intake, rehabilitation exercise guidance, psychological support, postoperative ambulation time, postoperative first oral feeding time, etc.). The postoperative recovery indexes (exhaust time, ambulation time, first oral feeding time, hospitalization time) and nutritional status (NRS-2002 score) were compared between the two groups. Results: Compared with the control group, the exhaust time, ambulation time, first oral feeding time and hospitalization time of the observation group were shorter, the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in preoperative nutritional risk scores between the observation group and the control group (P＞0.05). The nutritional risk score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group at 1 week and 3 weeks after operation, and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). Conclusion: Perioperative nutrition cluster management strategy can significantly accelerate postoperative rehabilitation, improve nutritional status, shorten hospitalization time and improve nursing quality.

Objective: To explore the effect of miR-204-5p on the proliferation, migration and invasion of bladder cancer cells by specifically regulating the expression level of TCF12, and to further reveal its mechanism. Methods: The expression levels of miR-204-5p in bladder cancer cells and human urothelial cells, as well as bladder cancer tissues and adjacent tissues were detected by qRT-PCR. CCK-8, Transwell and flow cytometry were used to verify the effect of miR-204-5p on bladder tumor cells. The dual luciferase assay was used to verify the targeting relationship between miR-204-5 p and TCF12. Western-blot and qRT-PCR were used to detect the regulatory effect of miR-204-5p on the expression of TCF12. Results: The expression of miR-204-5p was significantly up-regulated in bladder cancer tissues and cell lines (P＜0.05). The overexpression of miR-204-5p was confirmed to promote the progression of bladder cancer in vitro (P＜0.05). Studies had confirmed that TCF12 was a potential target gene of miR-204-5p, and down-regulation of TCF12 by miR-204-5p promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of bladder cancer cells. Overexpression of TCF12 could also reverse the effect of miR-204-5p overexpression on bladder cancer cells. Conclusion: miR-204-5p may promote the proliferation, migration and invasion of bladder cancer cells by targeting TCF12 and down-regulating its expression level. Targeting miR-204-5p / TCF12 may provide a potential therapeutic strategy for bladder cancer.

眩晕作为一种常见的临床病症,近年在世界范围内呈多发递增趋势,患者的日常生活和工作受到了较大影响。医学界对眩晕的研究已有诸多进展,然而,鉴于眩晕的复杂病因和发病机制,传统单一医学模式在治疗上往往难以取得满意的效果。因此,探索一种融合中西医优势的眩晕治疗新模式,不仅具有重要的临床实践价值,也能丰富眩晕病治疗理论体系。本文以中西医结合为视角,系统分析眩晕的病因病机,探讨中西医治疗眩晕的理论基础及临床应用,旨在为眩晕患者提供一种更为全面有效的治疗方案,对于推动中西医结合在眩晕病治疗领域的应用具有重要的指导意义。

Objective: To understand the influencing factors of dental caries in children aged 1-3 years in Baotou City, and to construct a prediction model to identify high-risk groups of children, so as to provide a basis for the development of targeted caries prevention and intervention strategies, and reduce the incidence of dental caries in children. Methods: From December 2021 to November 2023, children aged 1-3 years from 18 Junior classes of kindergarten were randomly selected as observation objects. All children underwent oral examinations and the number of deciduous teeth with enamel development defects was counted. In addition, a questionnaire survey was conducted, which was composed of general demographic information and related factors. The related factors of children's dental caries were screened, the prediction model was established, and the discrimination and calibration ability of the model were evaluated. Results: Sleeping with bottles or nipples, eating desserts and candy, enamel development defects, and late age of starting brushing were risk factors for dental caries in children aged 1-3 years in Baotou city; high frequency of helping children brush their teeth, regular oral examination, high education of parents and calcium supplementation during pregnancy were the protective factors of dental caries in children aged 1-3 years in Baotou (P＜0.05). The prediction model of dental caries in children aged 1-3 years in Baotou was established, the ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC of the model was 0.919, the sensitivity was 75.7%, and the specificity was 70.9%. The prediction model had high calibration ability. Conclusion: The dental caries of children aged 1-3 years in Baotou City may be related to many factors, such as parents' educational background, calcium supplementation during pregnancy, and age of starting to brush teeth. The dental caries prediction model can provide a reference tool for the management of caries in children in this area.

Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of intersphincteric resection (ISR) combined with coloplasty in patients with ultra-low rectal cancer. Methods: A total of 90 rectal cancer patients who were continuously admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College from January 2021 to December 2024 and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected as the research objects. Thirty patients who underwent ISR combined with colonoscopy were selected as the observation group, and 30 patients who underwent traditional Miles and Dixon surgeries were selected as the control group 1 (M group) and control group 2 (D group). The positive rate of distal resection margin (DRM), incidence of complications, anal preservation rate, Wexner incontinence score and modified fecal incontinence quality of life (mFIQL) score were compared among the three groups. Results: There was significant difference in the resection rate of resection with microscopically negative margins (R0) among the three groups (P＜0.05), and there was significant difference between group M and group D (P＜0.05), while there was no significant difference between the observation group and the group M and group D (P＞0.05), suggesting that the effect of ISR combined surgery in achieving R0 resection was between the traditional Miles surgery and Dixon surgery. The anal preservation rate of the observation group was 100%, which was higher than that of the D group. The mean postoperative Wexner score of the observation group was lower than that of the D group at 3 months, 6 months and 9 months after operation (P＜0.05), suggesting that the anal function was better than that of the D group. The postoperative mFIQL score of the observation group was lower than that of the M group (P＜0.05), indicating that its quality of life was better than that of the latter, but there was no significant difference between the observation group and the D group (P＞0.05). Postoperative recurrence analysis showed that the recurrence rate of the observation group was lower than that of the D group (P＜0.05). Conclusion: Compared with traditional surgical methods, ISR surgery combined with coloplasty shows the same degree of tumor resection effect, as well as advantages in anus-preserving rate, postoperative anal function and quality of life.

Objective: To explore the application value of spectral CT iodine quantitative parameters and virtual lung perfusion imaging in the diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism (APE). Methods: The clinical data of patients with suspected APE who underwent GE spectral CT pulmonary angiography were retrospectively collected. Monoenergetic images, iodine-based material decomposition images and virtual lung perfusion images of 70 keV CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) were obtained. The number, nature and grading distribution of pulmonary embolism were recorded. The iodine concentration (IC) and CT value of embolic lung tissue, contralateral healthy lung tissue and thoracic aorta at the same level were measured, meanwhile the normalized iodine concentration (NIC) was calculated. Results: A total of 402 emboli in 65 patients with APE were finally included. The diagnostic efficacy of CTPA, CTPA+iodine-based material decomposition images and CTPA+iodine-based material decomposition images +specral virtual virtual lung perfusion images for emboli improved successively, and the detection rates of grade 3 and 4 emboli were significantly better than those of single CTPA (P＜0.05). The results of quantitative analysis showed that compared with the healthy lung tissue, the CT value, IC and NIC of the embolized lung tissue on the 70 keV single-energy image of CTPA were significantly reduced, and the differences were highly statistically significant (P＜0.05). Conclusion: Spectral CT iodine quantitative parameters combined with virtual perfusion imaging can significantly improve the diagnostic accuracy of acute pulmonary embolism, especially in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism in pulmonary segments, sub-segments and below.