Objective: To study and analyze the changes of intestinal flora in 1-5 years after cholecystectomy. Methods: A total of 15 fecal samples of healthy people and 16 fecal samples of people 1 to 5 years after cholecystectomy were collected from Baotou Central Hospital. The collected samples were sequenced to analyze the composition, richness and diversity of intestinal microbial flora in the two groups, and to compare the differences of intestinal microbial flora between the two groups. Results: (1) At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobia and Fusobacteria increased, while the relative abundance of Actinobacteria decreased in the population 1-5 years after cholecystectomy. (2) At the genus level, the relative abundance of Escherichia, Ruminococcus, Blautia, and Gemmatiaceae increased, while the relative abundance of Faecalibacterium, Bifidobacterium, Collins, and Agathobacter decreased in the population 1 to 5 years after cholecystectomy. The Chao1 index and Observed _ species index of the healthy population group were higher than those of the population group 1-5 years after cholecystectomy, and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05). The Pielou evenness of the healthy population group was slightly lower than that of the population group 1-5 years after cholecystectomy, and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcus, Faecalimonas and Burkholderia were the intestinal flora with significant differences between the groups in the population group from 1 to 5 years after cholecystectomy. Conclusion: (1) The composition of intestinal flora in the population 1-5 years after cholecystectomy has changed. (2) The relative abundance of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria and probiotics in the population 1-5 years after cholecystectomy decreased, while the relative abundance of pathogenic bacteria increased.

Objective: To explore the genes and mechanisms in colorectal cancer and adjacent tissues at different distances by bioinformatics analysis. Methods: Eukaryotic mRNA was sequenced by Illumina Novaseq 6000 sequencing platform. Results: Differential expression analysis showed that there were 28 000 differentially expressed genes in the upper margin group of colorectal cancer, of which 11 735 were up-regulated and 16 265 were down-regulated. There were 32 438 differentially expressed genes in the lower margin group of colorectal cancer, of which 11 477 were up-regulated and 20 961 were down-regulated. The differentially expressed genes IGF2BP1, ADAM12, CDON, AKAP6, IGSF9B, LONR2 and KCNB1 were found to be down-regulated in colorectal cancer tissues and adjacent tissues at different distances. Functional annotation analysis of differential genes showed that differential genes were mainly involved in cellular processes, and the pathways involved were mainly metabolism, signal transduction and immune system. In terms of pathogenesis, it mainly exists in cancer, nervous system diseases and gastrointestinal system diseases. Differential gene enrichment analysis showed that differential genes were mainly in cardiac conduction, collagen fiber tissue, collagen decomposition process, etc., and the enriched pathways were mainly human papillomavirus infection pathway and P13K-Akt signaling pathway. Conclusion: The expression of differential genes IGF2BP1, ADAM12, CDON, AKAP6, IGSF9 B, LONR2 and KCNB1 is down-regulated in colorectal cancer tissues and adjacent tissues at different distances. Differential genes exist in cells and are mainly involved in metabolic pathways, signal transduction pathways, and immune system pathways. The pathogenesis mainly exists in cancer, nervous system diseases and gastrointestinal system diseases.

Objective: To construct a gene plasmid vector carrying NLRP3 and NLRP12 mutations in Wistar rats according to the NLRP3 (p.V72M, c.214G＞A) and NLRP12 (p.R754H, c.2261G＞A) gene mutation sites of the familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome (FCAS) family. Methods: According to the amino acid homology, the NLRP3 and NLRP12 gene mutation plasmids of rats were designed. The target genes were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and recovered. The double enzyme digestion and connection were performed on the pCMV-mCherry-MCS-Neo vector. The connected products were transformed into competent cells. The positive transformants were identified by colony PCR, plasmid extraction electrophoresis and sequencing. Results: Agarose gel electrophoresis showed that the NLRP3 and NLRP12 mutant genes were successfully amplified. The gene mutation plasmid was confirmed by enzyme digestion electrophoresis and DNA sequencing. The gene sequence was completely correct and the recombinant plasmid vector was successfully constructed. Conclusion: The plasmid vectors of NLRP3 and NLRP12 gene mutations is successfully constructed, which provides a biological basis for further exploring the pathogenesis of FCAS caused by NLRP3 and NLRP12 gene mutations and the functional study of NLRP3 and NLRP12 genes.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between the activity and gene polymorphism of coagulation factor Ⅻ and the risk of recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) in Baotou Han population. Methods: RSA patients and healthy pregnant women were selected as the research objects. The activity of coagulation factor Ⅻ was measured. The genotype composition of FⅫ gene single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1801020 was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The results of the two groups were analyzed to determine the correlation between FⅫ gene SNP rs1801020 and RSA under different genetic models. Results: There were significant differences in the genotype and allele frequency distribution of SNP rs1801020 in FⅫ gene between the two groups (P＜0.05); the frequency of T allele in RSA group was lower than that in control group (χ²=8.756, OR=2.043, 95%CI: 1.267-3.295,P<0.05); the frequency of CT genotype in RSA group was higher than that in control group, while the frequency of TT genotype was lower than that in control group, and the difference was statistically significant (χ²=9.905, OR=2.611, 95%CI: 1.447-4.713,P＜0.05); FⅫ activity in RSA patients was different among rs1801020 genotypes, and the order of activity was CC, CT and TT. FⅫ SNP rs1801020 was associated with the risk of RSA under codominant, dominant and overdominant models (OR=2.611, 2.636, 2.470, P＜0.05); compared with TT genotype, CT and CT+CC genotypes could increase the risk of RSA; compared with CC+TT genotype, CT genotype could increase the risk of RSA. Conclusion: The difference in the distribution of FⅫ rs1801020 between the two groups may be related to the risk of RSA in Baotou Han women. Compared with TT genotype, mutant heterozygous CT genotype may increase the risk of RSA, the T allele of rs1801020 locus of FⅫ gene can cause the decrease of FⅫ activity.

Objective: To analyze the related indexes of vaginal microecology that affect the infection and outcome of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV), and to explore the correlation between HR-HPV and vaginal microecology, so as to provide the corresponding basis for the diagnosis and treatment of HR-HPV infection. Methods: Retrospective analysis of patients who underwent HR-HPV and vaginal secretion tests at the First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College from September 2021 to March 2023. According to the inclusion criteria, 1 052 cases of HR-HPV infection were selected, while 526 cases in the positive group and 526 cases in the negative group, and 131 cases in the returned portion: 76 cases in the returned group and 55 cases in the persistently infected group. The differences in the vaginal microecology of the above patients were compared between the groups. Results: (1) Age was correlated with HR-HPV infection and regression (P＜0.05). (2)The proportion of abnormal vaginal cleanliness, bacterial vaginitis (BV), pH＞4.5, H₂O₂(+),leukocyte esterase (LE) (+),and sialidase (SNA) (+)in the HR-HPV positive group was higher than that in HR-HPV negative group (P＜0.05); abnormal cleanliness, and SNA(+) were the independent risk factors for HR-HPV infection (P＜0.05). (3)The proportion of abnormal flora density, abnormal diversity, abnormal cleanliness, BV, pH＞4.5, H₂O₂(+), LE(+), SNA(+) in persistently infected group was higher than that of the regression group (P＜0.05); abnormal density, pH＞4.5, H₂O₂(+), LE(+) were the independent risk factors for the persistently infected of HR-HPV (P＜0.05); there was no change in the comparison of vaginal cleanliness before and after the regression of HR-HPV (P＞0.05). Conclusion: Vaginal microecological imbalance is associated with HR-HPV infection and persistence. Bacterial vaginitis, elevated pH value and abnormal H₂O₂ are risk factors for HR-HPV infection and persistence.

急性胰腺炎(acute pancreatitis, AP)是一种严重的消化系统疾病,其发生和发展与多种因素相关。近年来,肠道菌群失衡被认为是影响AP进程的重要因素。研究表明,AP患者的肠道菌群多样性减少、有益菌与致病菌比例失衡、特定菌群丰度的变化等,均通过影响肠道屏障功能和激发炎症反应影响AP进程。肠黏膜屏障在维持机体免疫防御系统完整性和正常生理功能方面起着至关重要的作用。肠道菌群失衡导致肠黏膜屏障功能受损,使肠道通透性增加,细菌发生易位,引发全身炎症反应综合征甚至多器官功能衰竭,加重胰腺炎病情,影响患者预后。此外,肠道菌群失衡还导致代谢产物的变化,如短链脂肪酸(short-chain fatty acids, SCFAs)和胆汁酸等,这些变化对胰腺功能和AP的发展有着重要影响。因此,维持肠道菌群平衡可能对AP的治疗和预后具有重要意义。笔者寻找对AP至关重要的特定菌株或参与AP的其他代谢产物,通过调节AP患者肠道菌群作为治疗AP的一种有效方法,深入研究肠道菌群与AP之间的相互作用,不仅有助于揭示AP的病理机制,还可能为AP的预防和治疗提供新的策略和方法。

Objective: To systematically evaluate the efficacy and adverse reactions of epirubicin (EPI) and mitomycin (MMC) in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) after perfusion chemotherapy. Methods: CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, Embase, The Cochrance Library and Web of science were searched for Chinese and English randomized controlled trials of epirubicin and mitomycin in the treatment of NMIBC from the establishment of the database to January 2023. RevMan 5.3 software was used to perform a meta-analysis of postoperative tumor recurrence rate, total incidence of adverse reactions, incidence of bladder irritation, liver and kidney function damage, and hematuria in the EPI group and the MMC group. Results: There were 16 studies that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, with a total of 1244 patients, while 626 patients in the EPI group and 618 patients in the MMC group. The results of meta-analysis showed that the postoperative tumor recurrence rate [OR=0.55,95%CI(0.41, 0.73), P＜0.01], the incidence of total adverse reactions [OR=0.56,95%CI(0.38, 0.82), P=0.003], the incidence of bladder irritation [OR=0.54, 95%CI(0.37, 0.77), P=0.0007], the incidence of hematuria [OR=0.53,95%CI(0.33, 0.85), P=0.009], and the incidence of liver and kidney dysfunction [OR=0.26, 95%CI(0.10, 0.69), P=0.007] in the EPI group were significantly lower than those in the MMC group (P＜0.05). Conclusion: EPI is superior to MMC in terms of therapeutic effect and total incidence of adverse reactions. EPI bladder perfusion is recommended to prevent tumor recurrence and improve the prognosis of patients after bladder cancer surgery.

Objective: To analyze the proportion of SPP1⁺ macrophages in peripheral blood of patients with connective tissue disease complicated with interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD) and the expression level of its expression product chemokine 18 (CCL18) in serum of patients with CTD-ILD and its clinical significance. Methods: Twenty patients with connective tissue disease (CTD) and 20 healthy people were selected as the control group, and 35 patients with newly diagnosed CTD-ILD were selected as the experimental group. The differences in the expression levels of SPP1⁺ macrophages and CCL18 in the experimental group and the control group were compared, and the correlation with type I collagen (COL1A1), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) was analyzed. Results: Compared with the control group, the proportion of SPP1⁺ macrophages in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of CTD-ILD patients was significantly increased (P＜0.05), and the content of CCL18 in serum was also significantly increased (P＜0.05). At the same time, SPP1⁺ macrophages and CCL18 were positively correlated with ESR, CRP, COL1A1 and lung imaging score (HRCT score) (P＜0.05), and negatively correlated with the percentage of forced vital capacity (FVC%) and the percentage of carbon monoxide diffusion (DLCO%) (P＜0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) of SPP1⁺ macrophages and CCL18 were 0.732 and 0.939, respectively. The AUC of the combined detection of SPP1⁺ macrophages and CCL18 was 0.939, the sensitivity was 93.5%, the specificity was 83.3%, and the Youden index was 0.768. Conclusion: SPP1⁺ macrophages and CCL18 are poor prognostic factors in patients with CTD-ILD. The combined detection of SPP1⁺ macrophages and CCL18 is of great significance for the prognosis of the disease.

Objective: To investigate the differences in the occupation, age, gender and serum agglutination test (SAT) antibody titers between asymptomatic Brucellosis cases and acute Brucellosis cases, with the purpose of providing basic information to the prevention and treatment of Brucellosis. Methods: Using a completely random sampling method, 164 acute brucellosis patients and 160 latent brucellosis infections diagnosed according to the "Diagnostic Criteria for Brucellosis" in the Ximeng region from January to December 2019 were selected as the research subjects.Compare the patient's age and SAT titers after logarithmic transformation using two independent sample t-tests; Compare occupation and gender using χ² test.Results: Comparison of occupation between the two groups of patients, the differences were statistically significant (χ²=15.837, P＜0.05). Comparison of age and SAT titer in the two groups, the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05). Patients with asymptomatic Brucellosis were younger than acute Brucellosis cases, and the SAT titer of symptomatic Brucellosis cases was higher than acute Brucellosis cases. There was no significant difference in gender between the two groups of patients (χ²=0.018, P＞0.05). Conclusion: The infection status of brucellosis may be related to occupation, age, and SAT antibody titers.

Objective: To observe the expression levels of regulatory T cells (Treg), helper T cells 17 (Th17) and cytokine interleukin 17 (IL-17) in peripheral blood of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA), with the purpose of exploring the role of Th17/Treg in T1DM by analyzing its correlation with islet-reactive B cells function in T1DM. Methods: A total of 78 cases of T1DM patients, LADA patients and normal healthy people who were admitted in the Endocrinology Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College from December 2021 to June 2022 were selected and divided into the T1DM group, LADA group and normal control (NC) group. Serum IL-17 was detected by ELISA method. Proportions of Th17 and Treg cells were detected by flow cytometry, and the differences of Th17 and IL-17 expression among the three groups were compared. Results: The proportion of Treg cells in the T1DM group and LADA group was significantly lower than that in the NC group, and it was significantly lower in the T1DM group than that in the LADA group. The expression levels of Th17 and IL-17 in the T1DM group and LADA group were significantly higher than those in the NC group, but there was no significant difference between the T1DM group and LADA group. The results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum IL-17 and Th17 were negatively correlated with FCP and 2h-CP (IL-17: r/P=-0.273, 0.016, -0.352, 0.002), Treg was positively correlated with FCP and 2h-CP (r/P=0.494/<0.001, 0.575/<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that IL-17 was a risk factor to T1DM and LADA by taking T1DM, LADA, NC as dependent variables(1=T1DM,2=LADA,3=NC), Th17 was a risk factor to T1DM, and Treg was a protective factor to T1DM and LADA. Conclusion: T1DM and LADA patients have unbalanced Th 17 / Treg ratio in vivo, manifested by increased expression level of Th 17 and IL-17 and decreased expression level of Treg, it may be associated with functional impairment of islet-reactive B cells, which could lead to the occurrence and development of T1DM.

Objective: To investigate the active ingredients and mechanism of Sophora alopecuroides L. in the treatment of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) based on network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques. Methods: The active ingredients in Sophora alopecuroides L. were screened by Herb platform, and the corresponding targets of active ingredients were searched in SIB database. The targets of alcoholic liver disease were obtained from NCBI and GeneCards databases. The mapping tool Venny 2.1 was used for intersection comparison to obtain common targets. The protein interaction analysis and visual presentation were performed on the String platform. The DAVID database was used for GO function and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis. Finally, AutoDock and PyMOL software were used for molecular docking. Results: Eight active ingredients and 97 effective targets were identified by network pharmacology. The mechanism of action might be related to cancer pathway, lipid and atherosclerosis, T cell receptor signaling pathway and VEGF signaling pathway, and the main targets involved were HSP90AA1, AKT1, FYN and AKT2. Molecular docking results showed that matrine, sophocarpine and sophoramine had good binding force with HSP90AA1, FYN and AKT1. Conclusion: Matrine, sophocarpine and sophoramine in Sophora alopecuroides L. can ameliorate ALD by inhibiting inflammatory response or apoptosis through multi-target and multi-pathway interactions.

Objective: To investigate the effect and mechanism of puerarin (Pue) in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) in rats. Methods: Female SD rats were divided into sham operation group (SHAM group), model group (PMOP group), low-dose puerarin group (Pue-L group) and high-dose puerarin group (Pue-H group). In the SHAM group, partial fat around the ovary was removed, and bilateral ovaries were removed in the other groups. Bone mineral density (BMD) and hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining were used to observe the femoral tissue at 4 weeks after operation to determine whether the model was successful. After successful modeling, rats in Pue-L group and Pue-H group were subcutaneously injected with different concentrations of puerarin injection, and rats in SHAM group and PMOP group were injected with the same amount of normal saline. BMD of rats was detected after 8 weeks of administration. The bone structure was observed by micro-CT scanning and the related parameters were calculated. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of rat femur. The protein expression level of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway was detected by Western Blot (WB). Results: (1) Pue significantly increased BMD in PMOP rats. (2) Micro-CT analysis showed that Pue could improve the bone microstructure of PMOP rats. (3) HE staining showed that after Pue treatment, the bone loss of PMOP rats decreased, the number and density of trabecular bone increased, and the pathological changes were restored. (4) WB results showed that compared with SHAM group, the expression levels of p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 protein in PMOP group were increased (P＜0.001). Compared with PMOP group, the expression levels of p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 protein in Pue-L group and Pue-H group were decreased (P＜0.001). Conclusion: Puerarin can effectively treat osteoporosis in PMOP rats, which may play an anti-osteoporosis role by inhibiting the activation of JAK2/STAT3 pathway.

Objective: To observe the effects of ribokinase (Rbks) gene knockout on phenotype and glucose and lipid metabolism in C57BL/6J mice. Methods: 12 male 8-week-old wide type (WT) and Rbks gene knockout (KO) C57BL/6J mice were fed for 10 weeks. The changes of appearance, body weight, food intake, water intake and fasting blood glucose were observed regularly. At the end of the observation period, the contents of triglyceride and cholesterol were measured. Results: After being fed normally for 10 weeks, compared with WT mice, KO mice had no significant difference in appearance and body weight(P＞0.05), but food intake and water intake decreased, fasting blood glucose level increased significantly(P＜0.05), serum triglyceride content increased and total cholesterol content decreased (all P＜0.05). Conclusion: Although Rbks gene knockout has no effect on the shape and weight of mice, it will affect the balance of glucose and lipid metabolism in mice.

Objective: To analyze the clinicopathological features and laboratory characteristics of patients with dyslipidemia and liver dysfunction. Methods: The clinical data of 135 patients with liver dysfunction who underwent physical examination in the hospital from May 2019 to March 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. And they were divided into dyslipidemia group (n=60) and non-dyslipidemia group (n=75) according to whether accompanied by dyslipidemia. All patients underwent B-ultrasound examination, and the clinical data, clinicopathological characteristics, liver function indexes, lipid metabolism indexes and inflammatory indexes of were compared between the two groups. Results: There was no significant difference in gender and age between the two groups (P＞0.05). The proportion of liver and abdominal pain, the proportion of ascites and the incidence of total complications in the dyslipidemia group were higher than those in non-dyslipidemia group (P＜0.05). The proportion of liver capsule thickening, echo enhancement, liver density decrease and liver margin roughness in dyslipidemia group was higher than that in non-dyslipidemia group (P＜0.05). The levels of total bilirubin (TBIL), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in dyslipidemia group were higher than those in non-dyslipidemia group (P＜0.05). The level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in dyslipidemia group was lower than that in non-dyslipidemia group (P＜0.05), and the levels of triglyceride (TG) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in dyslipidemia group were higher than those in non-dyslipidemia group (P＜0.05). The levels of serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in dyslipidemia group were higher than those in non-dyslipidemia group (P＜0.05). Conclusion: The clinicopathological features of patients with liver dysfunction and dyslipidemia are mainly characterized by liver dysfunction, dyslipidemia, liver ascites, abdominal pain, high incidence of complications, decreased liver density, enhanced echo, rough liver margin, and increased inflammatory response.

Objective: To investigate the neuroprotective effect of lactic acid on mouse hippocampal HT22 cells under hypoxic conditions. Methods: HT22 cells were divided into four groups: the control group, lactate group (LA group), hypoxia group and hypoxia + lactic acid group (Hypoxia + LA group), and CCK-8 was used to detect the effects of different concentrations of lactate on cell viability under hypoxic conditions, and the effects of morphological changes were observed. The expression of DJ-1 (Parkinson's disease-associated protein 7) encoded by PARK7 gene was detected by Western blot, and changes in DJ-1 distribution and expression were detected by cellular immunofluorescence. Results: Compared with the hypoxia group, the addition of 1∶10⁴ lactic acid significantly increased cell viability, which was statistically significant (P＜0.01). Compared with the normal control group, the intracellular distribution and expression of DJ-1 protein decreased under hypoxia condition, which was statistically significant (P＜0.01). The addition of lactic acid before hypoxia increased the expression and distribution of DJ-1 in the cells compared with the hypoxia group, which was statistically significant (P＜0.05). Conclusion: Pre-hypoxic lactate incorporation may exert neuroprotective effects by activating DJ-1, maintaining cellular activity, and mitigating hypoxic injury.

Objective: To explore the neurological deficit and behavioral changes of rats after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Methods: A total of 60 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into the Sham group, 24 h group, 48 h group, 72 h group, 7 d group and 14 d group, and the rat model of focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury (CIRI) was established using middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). The neurological deficit of rats in each group was evaluated by modified neurological severity score (mNSS), and the weight of rats was monitored and recorded. The rate of cerebral infarction was detected by TTC staining, the sensory and motor abilities and emotional changes of rats in each group were evaluated by Adhesive Removal Test, Open Field Test and Rotarod Test. Results: After cerebral ischemia/reperfusion, the weight of rats decreased significantly (P＜0.01), especially at 72 h; Compared with the Sham group, the neurological deficit score of rats after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion increased significantly (P＜0.01), and the removal time of adhesive tape increased significantly (P＜0.01), reaching the peak at 48～72 h. The results of open field test showed that the moving distance of rats of the MCAO model was significantly decreased (P＜0.01), while the rest time was significantly increased (P＜0.01), with the significantly decreased average speed and standing time (P＜0.01), and rats of MCAO model were depressed, with the lowered curiosity and desire to explore the outside world. The results of rotarod test showed that the moving time and distance of rats in the MCAO model were decreased (P＜0.01), and the changes were more significant from 48～72 h. Conclusion: Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury after 48～72 h could weaken the neurological function and motor ability of rats, which seriously affect limb coordination and emotion of rats.

Objective: To investigate whether exposure to rare earth element yttrium damaging sperm quality by inducing testicular oxidative stress.Methods: A total of 80 BALB/C male mice aged 4 weeks were used, 40 mice were taken for toxicity experiment, and the rest 40 mice for oxidative stress inhibition experiment. Mice in the toxicity experiment were divided into the control group (NC), 4 mg/kg, 20 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg yttrium nitrate groups. Mice in the oxidative stress inhibition experiment were divided into the NC group, 100 mg/kg N-acetylcysteine (NAC) group, 100 mg/kg yttrium nitrate group, 100 mg/kg yttrium nitrate +100 mg/kg NAC group. The number of sperm was calculated using blood cell counting method, and the abnormality rate of sperm was detected by eosin-aniline black method, the apoptosis rate of sperm was detected by flow cytometry, the testicular tissue structure of mouse was detected by HE method, expression levels of IL-1β and TNF-αwere detected using ELISA, while ROS and MDA content in testicular tissue were detected using reagent kit.Results: Compared with the NC group, sperm count in the 100 mg/kg yttrium nitrate group was significantly decreased (P＜0.01), while deformity rate significantly increased (P＜0.001), and sperm apoptosis rate significantly increased (P＜0.01). Compared with the NC group, thinner epithelial thickness, interstitial edema, and vasodilation in the seminiferous tubules were found in mice of the 100 mg/kg yttrium nitrate group, and the arrangement of spermatogenic cells were loose and disordered, with decreased number of spermatogenic cells. Expression levels of IL-1β and TNF-α were higher in the 100 mg/kg yttrium nitrate group than those in the NC control group (P＜0.05). Compared with the NC group, mice in the 100 mg/kg yttrium nitrate group showed a significant increase in testicular ROS (P＜0.01) and MDA levels (P＜0.05). Compared with the 100 mg/kg yttrium nitrate group, mice in the 100 mg/kg yttrium nitrate+100 mg/kg NAC group showed a decrease in ROS and MDA content (P＜0.05), a significant decrease in IL-1βand TNF-α (P＜0.05), a significant increase in sperm count (P＜0.01), and a significant decrease in deformity rate (P＜0.01).Conclusion: Long term exposure to high-dose yttrium may exacerbate testicular oxidative stress, induce orchitis, damage testicular tissue structure, and ultimately lead to a decline in sperm quality.

Objective: To study the correlation between lipoprotein a, ApoE gene polymorphism and cardiac valve calcification, and to explore the role of genotype and lipoprotein a in the disease process. Methods: A total of 412 patients admitted to the Department of Cardiology from July 2021 to December 2022 were selected. The results of lipoprotein a and other blood lipids, ApoE genotype, echocardiography and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) were collected, and the clinical data such as blood pressure were recorded. At the same time, the history of arrhythmia, heart failure, valvular heart disease and ACS were recorded. The correlation between ApoE genotype and blood lipid, cardiac valve calcification was analyzed. Results: The contents of TC, TG, lipoprotein a and LDL-C in the baseline data of the three groups were statistically different. Compared with the ε3 group, the contents of lipoprotein a and LDL-C in the ε2 group were lower, while those in the ε4 group were higher. Univariate analysis showed that age, HDL-C, TG, lipoprotein a, LDL-C, IMT, history of arrhythmia, history of heart failure, history of valvular heart disease were associated with valvular calcification. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that age, lipoprotein a, IMT and history of arrhythmia were independent risk factors for cardiac valve calcification. There was a correlation between lipoprotein a and cardiac valve calcification in the ε2 and ε3 subgroups, but there was no correlation in ε4 subgroup. The area under the curve for the combined diagnosis of IMT and lipoprotein a to predict cardiac valve calcification was 0.760 (P＜0.001). Conclusion: ApoE genotype does not directly affect the occurrence of calcification, but indirectly affects the disease by changing blood lipids. ε4 may be related to the increase of lipoprotein a and LDL-C. ε2 may be related to the decrease of lipoprotein a and LDL-C. Lipoprotein a may be related to the content of LDL-C.

Objective: To investigate the role of logistic prediction model based on two-dimensional ultrasound image features to assess the risk of BRAF V600E mutation in TI-RADS 4a thyroid nodules. Methods: Patients with TI-RADS category 4a thyroid nodules who underwent post-puncture BRAF V600E gene testing at Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College from January 2021 to September 2021 were collected, and data on ultrasound, pathology and gender and age of selected patients were obtained for retrospective analysis. The patients were divided into the BRAF V600E positive group(n=130)and BRAF V600E negative group(n=104)according to the gene test results. Multiple logistic regression models of two-dimensional ultrasound were constructed based on ultrasound image characteristics. The predictive efficacies of the models were assessed by ROC(receiver operating characteristic)curves and calibration curves, and the area under curve AUC was compared between the models using the Delong test. Results: The AUC for the training set obtained from the logistic echo model was 0.885 5(95%CI: 0.833 8-0.937 2), with specificity, sensitivity and accuracy of 67.0%, 96.0% and 83.0% respectively. The AUC of the validation set was 0.859 3(95%CI: 0.771 9-0.946 7), with specificity, sensitivity and accuracy of 79.0%, 84.0% and 82.0% respectively. Delong test results showed no statistically significant difference in AUC between the training and validation set models(P＞0.05). good clinical efficacy of the prediction models(total point 0.9)was showed by column plots. The calibration curve showed high agreement between the actual and predicted probabilities(C-index 0.9). Conclusion: Logistic regression models constructed based on 2D ultrasound image features can be used as a simple and non-invasive quantitative tool to predict the risk of BRAF V600E mutation in TI-RADS 4a thyroid nodules.

Objective: To observe the effect of berberine (BBR) on doxorubicin (DOX)-induced myocardial injury and its protective effect, and to further explore whether BBR can affect DOX-induced myocardial injury by regulating Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Methods: The rat myocardial cell line H9C2 was used as the research object and divided into Control group, model group, BBR group and LiCl agonist group. The cells in the control group were not treated. The DOX-induced myocardial injury model was established in the model group, BBR group and LiCl agonist group. The BBR group was intervened by BBR, and the LiCl agonist group was intervened by LiCl. CCK-8 method was used to detect the viability of cardiomyocytes. Flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis. Western blot was used to detect the expression of Wnt/β-catenin pathway protein β-catenin, apoptosis-related proteins Bcl-2 and Bax. Results: (1)CCK-8 method : The cell viability of the model group was lower than that of the Control group (P＜0.05), while the cell viability of the BBR group and the LiCl agonist group was higher than that of the model group (P＜0.05). (2)Flow cytometry: The apoptosis rate of the model group was higher than that of the control group (P＜0.05). The apoptosis rate of BBR group and LiCl agonist group was lower than that of model group (P＜0.05). (3)Western blot: Compared with the Control group, the expression of Bax protein in the model group increased (P＜0.05), the expression of Bcl-2 and β-catenin protein decreased (P＜0.05), and the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 also increased (P＜0.05). Compared with the model group, the expression of Bax protein in BBR group and LiCl agonist group decreased (P＜0.05), the expression of Bcl-2 protein increased (P＜0.05), the expression of β-catenin protein increased (P＜0.05), and the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 decreased (P＜0.05). Conclusion: BBR may play a protective role in cardiomyocytes by promoting the expression of β-catenin in damaged cardiomyocytes, up-regulating the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and inhibiting cardiomyocyte apoptosis.