目的:回顾性分析细菌性肺炎检出细菌的耐药趋势,为提升院内感染防控水平提供依据。方法:收集565例不同年龄段细菌性肺炎患者的病例资料和痰培养结果,计算细菌检出率并分析药敏结果。结果:共纳入565例细菌性肺炎患者信息,其中18~44岁青年人99例,45~101岁中老年人466例。其中18~44岁青年人中细菌检出率为7.1%,以奇异变形杆菌、鲍曼不动杆菌和肺炎链球菌为主,多重耐药菌以鲍曼不动杆菌为主,但多重耐药菌株占比仅有42.9%;45~101岁中老年人细菌检出率为22.1%,明显高于青年人细菌性肺炎患者,而且细菌显现多样性,包括铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、鲍曼不动杆菌等,其中多重耐药菌占比49.5%。细菌性肺炎的常见致病菌有铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌等。结论:中老年人细菌性肺炎检出率高于青年人,其中多重耐药发生率高,以革兰氏阴性菌为主。

Objective: To retrospectively analyze the drug resistance trend of bacteria detected in bacterial pneumonia, and to provide a basis for improving the prevention and control level of nosocomial infection. Methods:The case data and sputum culture results of 565 patients with bacterial pneumonia in different age groups were collected. The bacterial detection rate was calculated and the drug sensitivity results were analyzed. Results:A total of 565 patients with bacterial pneumonia were included, including 99 young people aged 18-44 years and 466 middle-aged and elderly people aged 45-101 years. Among them, the detection rate of bacteria in young people aged 18-44 years was 7.1%, mainly Proteus mirabilis, Acinetobacter baumannii and Streptococcus pneumoniae. The multi-drug resistant bacteria were mainly Acinetobacter baumannii, but the proportion of multi-drug resistant strains was only 42.9%. The detection rate of bacteria in middle-aged and elderly people aged 45-101 years old was 22.1%, which was significantly higher than that in young people with bacterial pneumonia, and the bacteria showed diversity, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, etc. Among them, multidrug-resistant bacteria accounted for 49.5%. Common pathogens of bacterial pneumonia included Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, etc. Conclusion: The detection rate of bacterial pneumonia in middle-aged and elderly people is higher than that in young people, and the incidence of multidrug resistance is high, mainly gram-negative bacteria.