目的: 调查大学生卫生应急素养现状及其影响因素。方法: 采用三阶段整群抽样,使用自设计问卷对3所包括文、理、医专业的大学生进行调查。采用卡方检验和多水平Logistic回归模型进行分析。结果: 549名调查对象中,卫生应急素养基本知识和技能平均得分为(56.68±6.50)分,其中52.63%的学生具备基本卫生应急素养(≥60分)。其下属的5个方面中,核和辐射事件及格率最高(90.64%),适用于各类事件的一般知识得分和及格率较低。卫生应急素养知晓状况、传染病疫情以及各类突发事件的紧急医学救援方面,女性大学生合格率高于男性(P＜0.05)。不同年龄组在卫生应急素养知晓状况、传染病疫情、各类突发事件的紧急医学救援及群体性急性中毒事件等方面的得分差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。农业和非农业户籍大学生的卫生应急素养差异不显著(P＞0.05)。多水平Logistic回归分析显示:19~21岁(OR=3.069)和家庭月平均收入1 000~1 999元(OR=8.834)的大学生卫生应急素养较低,少数民族(OR=0.150)大学生应急素养较高。结论: 大学生的卫生应急素养,尤其是适用于各类事件的一般知识方面有待提高,应进一步采取措施提升。

Objective: To explore the current situation and influencing factors of college students' health emergency literacy. Methods: The three-stage cluster sampling were used for stratified cluster random sampling, and college students majoring in arts, science and medicine in three universities were surveyed with self-designed questionnaire on health emergency literacy. Chi-square test and multi-level Logistic regression model were used for statistical analysis. Results: The average score of health emergency literacy knowledge and skills among the selected college students was (56.68±6.50),52.63% of which having basic health emergency literacy scores ≥60.Among the five aspects in the questionnaire, scores on nuclear and radiation incidents had the highest pass rate (90.64%), while the average score and pass rate of general knowledge applicable to various incidents were lower. The pass rate of female college students was higher than that of male in health emergency literacy awareness, infectious disease, and emergency medical rescue (P＜0.05). In health emergency literacy awareness, infectious disease, emergency medical rescue, and group acute poisoning events, the scores was statistically different among different age groups (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in health emergency literacy between college students with agricultural household registration and non-agricultural household registration (P＞0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that those of 19-21 years old(OR=3.069)or with average monthly household income of 1000-1999 Yuan(OR=8.834)had lower health emergency literacy, while college students from minority nationality(OR=0.150)had higher health emergency literacy. Conclusion: The health emergency literacy level of college students, especially the general knowledge applicable to various events, needs to be improved. Further measures should be taken to improve the health emergency literacy of college students.