目的: 探究职业病体检人群中的肝损害发病率以及引起肝损害的因素,为预防肝损害提出合理化建议。方法: 在2013年1月至2016年8月间来博罗县疾病预防控制中心接受体检的职业病人群中随机选出30 000例作为观察组,选择同期来博罗县疾病预防控制中心接受体检的非职业病人群中的30 000例作为对照组,统计两组体检人群的肝损害发病率,同时对观察组体检人群按照工龄为划分标准,统计不同工龄人群的肝损害发病率。结果: 观察组职业病人群的脂肪肝发病率、肝功能异常发病率、血砷超标发病率、血铅超标发病率均高于对照组(P＜0.05);观察组职业病人群随着工龄的延长,体检人群的各种肝损害发病率均呈上升趋势(P＜0.05)。结论: 职业病人群的肝损害发病率高,且工龄是影响职业病人群肝损害的重要因素,应结合影响因素改善职业病人群的工作环境,并加强自我防护,减轻职业中各种有毒物质带来的不良影响,保障人们的职业生命健康。

Objective: To explore the incidence of liver damage and the factors that cause liver damage in the population with occupational diseases, and to provide reasonable suggestions for the prevention of liver damage.Methods: 30000 cases of patients were randomly selected from the occupational disease group of Boluo County Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) from January 2013 to August 2016 as the observation group. 30 000 cases were selected from non-occupational disease group at the same time. The incidence of liver damage in the two groups was statistically analyzed, and the incidence of liver damage was calculated according to the length of service in the observation group.Results: The incidences of fatty liver, abnormal liver function, excessive arsenic in blood and excessive blood lead in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05).With the extension of service length, the incidence of liver damages showed an upward trend in the observation group (P＜0.05).Conclusion: The incidence of liver damage in occupational disease group is high, and the length of service is an important factor affecting the liver damage. The working environment of occupational groups should be improved under the consideration of the influencing factors, and self-protection should be strengthened to reduce the adverse effects of various toxic substances in occupational diseases to protect people's occupational life and health.