目的:研究癌症家族史对肺癌患者的影响,了解肺癌患者家族癌症史的流行情况,分析肺癌患者癌症家族史与疾病史、饮食、行为生活习惯及生活环境各因素的关系。方法:采用面对面的方式对安徽省486例肺癌患者,以及按照1∶5以年龄、性别为匹配条件,选取2 430个非癌症患者作为对照组,对其家族癌症史、疾病史、饮食、行为生活习惯进行调查。结果:486例肺癌患者家族癌症史阳性率高达35.6 %。其中一级亲属癌症史阳性者,个体罹患肺癌的风险高于二、三级亲属癌症史阳性者(P＜0.05)。肺癌患者的趋势性检验结果差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。癌症家族史对肺炎和慢性支气管炎的影响差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),有肺炎和慢性支气管炎的肺癌患者中,有癌症家族史者所占比例更高。在经常吃腌晒食品、熏烤食品、喜欢吃较重口味的食物,经常饮酒、吸烟、吸二手烟,接触农药、柴草烟雾、粉尘、住房附近有污染源等方面,癌症家族史的分布差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05),有癌症家族史的人群在以上影响因素中所占比例高于无癌症家族史的人群。结论:癌症家族史对肺癌患者的疾病史、饮食以及行为生活习惯的影响较为显著,应该针对亲属癌症史阳性的人群进行健康教育和健康监控,有利于改善肺癌的诊断与治疗现状。

Objective: To study the influence of family history of cancer on patients with lung cancer, understand the prevalence of family history of cancer in patients with lung cancer, and analyze the relationship between family history of cancer in patients with lung cancer and disease history, diet, behavioral habits and living environment. Methods: A face-to-face study was conducted on 486 patients with lung cancer in Anhui Province, and 2 430 non-cancer patients were selected as the control group according to the 1∶5 age and gender matching conditions. The family history of cancer, disease history, diet and behavior habits were investigated. Results: The positive rate of family history of cancer in 486 patients with lung cancer was 35.6 %. Among them, the risk of lung cancer in the first-degree relatives with positive cancer history was higher than that in the second and third-degree relatives with positive cancer history (P<0.05). The trend test resuts of lung cancer patients were statistically significant (P<0.05). The influence of family history of cancer on pneumonia and chronic bronchitis was statistically significant (P<0.05). Among lung cancer patients with pneumonia and chronic bronchitis, the proportion of patients with family history of cancer was higher. There were statistically significant differences in the distribution of family history of cancer among people who often ate pickled foods, fumigated foods, preferred foods with heavy flavors, often drinking, smoking, second-hand smoke, exposure to pesticides, firewood smoke, dust, and pollution sources near houses (P<0.05). The proportion of people with family history of cancer in the above influencing factors was higher than that of people without family history of cancer. Conclusion: The family history of cancer has a significant impact on the disease history, diet and behavior habits of patients with lung cancer. Health education and health monitoring should be carried out for relatives with positive cancer history, which is helpful to improve the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer.