Objective: To compare the application effect of continuous pressure measurement and intermittent pressure measurement in the management of artificial airway balloon in patients with mechanical ventilation in intensive care unit (ICU). Methods: A total of 126 patients with mechanical ventilation in ICU of Zhoukou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from October 2022 to September 2024 were selected as the research objects by convenient sampling method. According to the random number table method, they were divided into continuous pressure measurement group and intermittent pressure measurement group, with 63 cases in each group. The mechanical ventilation effects of the two groups were compared, including mechanical ventilation time, defined daily dose (DDD) of antibiotics and ICU hospitalization time. The incidence of aspiration, reflux and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) were compared between the two groups. The respiratory mechanics indexes including positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), plateau pressure (Pplat) and peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) were compared between the two groups before treatment and 72 h after treatment. The arterial blood gas indexes, including partial pressure of arterial oxygen/fraction of inspired oxygen (PaO₂/FiO₂) and partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO₂), were compared between the two groups. Results: Compared with the mechanical ventilation effect of the two groups, the mechanical ventilation time, DDD and ICU hospitalization time of the continuous pressure measurement group were lower than those of the intermittent pressure measurement group, and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05). Comparing the incidence of aspiration, reflux and VAP between the two groups, the total incidence of continuous pressure measurement group was lower than that of intermittent pressure measurement group, and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). Before treatment, there was no significant difference in the levels of PEEP, Pplat and PIP between the two groups (P＞0.05). After 72 hours of treatment, the levels of PEEP, Pplat and PIP in the two groups were lower than those before treatment, and the levels of PEEP, Pplat and PIP in the continuous pressure measurement group were lower than those in the intermittent pressure measurement group, the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05). Before treatment, there was no significant difference in the levels of PaO2/FiO2 and PaCO₂ between the two groups (P＞0.05). After 72 hours of treatment, the PaO₂/FiO₂ level in the continuous pressure measurement group was higher than that in the intermittent pressure measurement group, and the PaCO₂ level was lower than that in the intermittent pressure measurement group, the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05). Conclusion: In the management of artificial airway balloon in ICU patients with mechanical ventilation, the continuous pressure measurement group has better mechanical ventilation effect, lower incidence of aspiration, reflux and VAP, and better improvement of respiratory mechanics index and arterial blood gas index.