Objective: To analyze the related indexes of vaginal microecology that affect the infection and outcome of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV), and to explore the correlation between HR-HPV and vaginal microecology, so as to provide the corresponding basis for the diagnosis and treatment of HR-HPV infection. Methods: Retrospective analysis of patients who underwent HR-HPV and vaginal secretion tests at the First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College from September 2021 to March 2023. According to the inclusion criteria, 1 052 cases of HR-HPV infection were selected, while 526 cases in the positive group and 526 cases in the negative group, and 131 cases in the returned portion: 76 cases in the returned group and 55 cases in the persistently infected group. The differences in the vaginal microecology of the above patients were compared between the groups. Results: (1) Age was correlated with HR-HPV infection and regression (P＜0.05). (2)The proportion of abnormal vaginal cleanliness, bacterial vaginitis (BV), pH＞4.5, H2O2(+),leukocyte esterase (LE) (+),and sialidase (SNA) (+)in the HR-HPV positive group was higher than that in HR-HPV negative group (P＜0.05); abnormal cleanliness, and SNA(+) were the independent risk factors for HR-HPV infection (P＜0.05). (3)The proportion of abnormal flora density, abnormal diversity, abnormal cleanliness, BV, pH＞4.5, H2O2(+), LE(+), SNA(+) in persistently infected group was higher than that of the regression group (P＜0.05); abnormal density, pH＞4.5, H2O2(+), LE(+) were the independent risk factors for the persistently infected of HR-HPV (P＜0.05); there was no change in the comparison of vaginal cleanliness before and after the regression of HR-HPV (P＞0.05). Conclusion: Vaginal microecological imbalance is associated with HR-HPV infection and persistence. Bacterial vaginitis, elevated pH value and abnormal H2O2 are risk factors for HR-HPV infection and persistence.
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