Objective: To investigate the correlation between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and lung function and cognitive impairment, and to investigate the possible mechanisms of lung function decline and cognitive impairment caused by OSA. Methods: Forty-six patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) diagnosed by polysomnography (PSG) from January 2021 to June 2022 were collected. According to the apnea hypopnea index (AHI), they were divided into mild to moderate group (n=20) and severe group (n=26). Healthy subjects (n=23) were selected as the control group. The general data, PSG, lung function, blood gas analysis, and Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA) scores of the subjects were compared and statistically analyzed. Results: The vital capacity (VC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second percent predicted (FEV1%pred), forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC%), expiratory reserve volume (ERV), functional residual capacity (FRC), maximum mid-expiratory flow rate (MMEF%) and 50% forced expiratory flow rate (FEF50%) in the severe group were lower than those in the mild-to-moderate group and the healthy group (P<0.05). The partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in the severe group was lower than that in the mild to moderate group and the healthy group (P<0.05). There was significant difference in MoCA score among the three groups (P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that PaO2 was negatively correlated with AHI and the longest apnea time, and positively correlated with LSaO2. Conclusion: The lung function and cognitive ability of OSA patients are impaired, and the lung function and cognitive ability of patients with severe OSA are more obvious. Night hypoxia and low daytime PaO2 play an important role in the mechanism of lung function decline and cognitive impairment in OSA patients.
LIU Feifei
,
GAO Yang
. Relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and lung function and cognitive impairment[J]. Journal of Baotou Medical College, 2024
, 40(12)
: 72
-76
.
DOI: 10.16833/j.cnki.jbmc.2024.12.014
[1] Geer JH, Hilbert J. Gender issues in obstructive sleep apnea[J]. Yale J Biol Med, 2021,94(3):487-496.
[2] 苏小凤,刘霖,仲琳,等. 中国阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患病率的Meta分析[J]. 中国循证医学杂志,2021,21(10):1187-1194.
[3] Benjafield AV, Ayas NT, Eastwood PR, et al. Estimation of the global prevalence and burden of obstructive sleep apnoea: a literature-based analysis[J]. Lancet Respir Med, 2019,7(8):687-698.
[4] 尚伟. 《国际睡眠疾病分类第三版》解读[J]. 山东大学耳鼻喉眼学报,2016,30(5):18-20.
[5] Ito E, Inoue Y. The International Classification of Sleep Disorders, third edition. American Academy of Sleep Medicine. Includes bibliographies and index[J]. Nihon Rinsho, 2015,73(6):916-923.
[6] 夏安琪,李军,岳玲,等. 蒙特利尔认知评估量表在中国社区老人中的应用[J]. 上海交通大学学报(医学版),2021,41(12):1662-1667,1661.
[7] Berry RB, Budhiraja R, Gottlieb DJ, et al. Rules for scoring respiratory events in sleep: update of the 2007 AASM Manual for the Scoring of Sleep and Associated Events. Deliberations of the Sleep Apnea Definitions Task Force of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine[J]. J Clin Sleep Med, 2012,8(5):597-619.
[8] 李卓君,宋西成,陈秀梅. 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者的肺功能变化分析[J]. 山东大学耳鼻喉眼学报,2023,37(2):45-50.
[9] 罗国标,张灵娟,刘国清,等. 肺功能中不同气道功能指标联合筛查用于慢性阻塞性肺疾病早期诊断价值及预后判断研究[J]. 心肺血管病杂志,2019,38(4):377-381.
[10] 刘小行,朱述阳. 不同严重程度的阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者的肺功能分析[J]. 临床肺科杂志,2020,25(4):510-514.
[11] Cai ZC, Li TP, Lu XX, et al. Alterations of respiratory resistance in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome[J]. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao, 2018,38(6):765-768.
[12] McNicholas WT, Pevernagie D. Obstructive sleep apnea: transition from pathophysiology to an integrative disease model[J]. J Sleep Res, 2022,31(4):e13616.
[13] Yan L, Park HR, Kezirian EJ, et al. Altered regional cerebral blood flow in obstructive sleep apnea is associated with sleep fragmentation and oxygen desaturation[J]. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab, 2021,41(10):2712-2724.
[14] 魏志鹏,李海军,张娟,等. 首诊重度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停男性脑白质结构与认知功能的关系[J]. 中国医学影像学杂志,2021,29(5):415-419.
[15] 张璞,刘晓蕾,邵国. 低氧预适应血管内皮细胞增加神经细胞低氧耐受[J]. 包头医学院学报,2021,37(6):46-48.
[16] Rabinstein AA. Update on treatment of acute ischemic stroke[J]. Continuum, 2020,26(2):268-286.
[17] Diamond JA, Ismail H. Obstructive sleep apnea and cardiovascular disease[J]. Clin Geriatr Med, 2021,37(3):445-456.