Objective: To detect differentially expressed miRNAs in exosomes derived from intestinal epithelial cells of essential hypertensive rats, and to enrich and analyze their target genes. Methods: Three Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and three Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) were selected as the research objects. The expression of miRNA in exosomes derived from intestinal epithelial cells of rats was detected by high-throughput sequencing. The differentially expressed miRNAs in the two groups of rats were screened and their target genes were predicted. The target genes were analyzed by Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) using biological function software. Results: Compared with the WKY group, there were 37 differentially expressed miRNAs in the SHR group (All P＜0.05), 32 miRNAs were up-regulated and 5 miRNAs were down-regulated. Among them, rno-miR-208b-3p, rno-miR-134-5p, rno-miR-93-3p, rno-miR-378b, rno-miR-96-5p, rno-miR-210-3p, and rno-miR-208a-3p were noteworthy. A total of 10 662 miRNA downstream target genes were predicted, and a total of 34 127 target sites were predicted. GO enrichment was mainly concentrated in membrane-bound organelles, protein binding, and positively regulated biological processes. KEGG enrichment was mainly concentrated in MAPK, mTOR, Ras and TNF signaling pathways. Conclusion: The expression of miRNA in exosomes derived from intestinal epithelial cells of essential hypertensive rats was significantly different. Its target genes may be involved in MAPK, mTOR, Ras and TNF signaling pathways through cell growth and differentiation, angiogenesis and metabolic function, thus affecting the occurrence and development of hypertensive diseases.
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