Objective: To discuss and analyze the syndrome classification of schizophrenia in traditional Chinese medicine, and to provide some clinical auxiliary reference for the diagnosis and treatment of schizophrenia in traditional Chinese medicine. Methods: Through expert argumentation and ancient books, the questionnaire scale of traditional Chinese medicine related syndromes of schizophrenia was collected, and the data of 182 patients were collected. Through cluster analysis and factor analysis, the traditional Chinese medicine syndrome types of the disease were summarized. Results: There were 184 clinical symptoms and signs in 182 cases of schizophrenia in 22 aspects of traditional Chinese medicine four diagnostic syndromes. Through factor analysis, 23 common factors were obtained and summarized into 6 factor syndrome combinations. According to the total variance of interpretation, the descending order was as follows: phlegm resistance (34.79%), fire excess and yin injury (16.95%), endoretention of damp heat (16.57%), qi and blood deficiency (13.85%), qi deficiency and internal heat (9.88%), spleen and stomach qi stagnation (7.96%). Conclusion: Cluster analysis and factor analysis can be used as methods to study traditional Chinese medicine syndromes. From the conclusions obtained, the pathological factors related to schizophrenia are phlegm-dampness.