Objective: To investigate the affecting factors about the morbidity of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and to put forward its preventive measures.Methods: The relevant information of 82 cases of GDM and 184 cases of healthy pregnant from March 2010 to March 2016 were collected. The univariate and multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the demographic characteristics, behavior customs and the relationship with GDM, and the pregnant outcomes were compared between the two groups.Results: Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that: the age(OR 1.7,95 % CI 1.1-5.4), weight gained (OR 1.8,95 % CI 1.1-6.6), pre-pregnancy BMI(OR 2.0,95 % CI 1.05-5.3), more than 2 times of abortion(OR 3.5,95 % CI 2.7-21.4), a family history of diabetes(OR 2.6,95 % CI 2.0-14.9), hyperhemoglobinemia(OR2.7,95 % CI 1.7-7.7), and sweet tooth(OR 5.0,95 % CI 3.2-15.6) were the independent influencing factors for GDM (P＜0.05), whereas exercise more than 1 hours daily(OR 4.5,95 % CI 2.1-14.7) was a protective factor (P＜0.05). The proportions of cesarean section,premature birth,PIH,macrosomia and neonatal transfer to pediatrics in GDM-group were higher than those in healthy group(χ²_{cesarean section}=4.010,P＜0.05;χ²_{premature birth}=5.4351,P＜0.05;χ²_PIH=10.276,P＜0.01;χ²_Macrosomia=4.280,P＜0.05;χ²_{neonatal transfer to pediatrics}=12.041,P＜0.01).Conclusion: The morbidity of GDM is influenced by various factors, and can result in varied bad pregnancy outcomes. Prevention and intervention for GDM should be intensified in obstetrics.