Objective: To explore the current situation and influencing factors of college students' health emergency literacy. Methods: The three-stage cluster sampling were used for stratified cluster random sampling, and college students majoring in arts, science and medicine in three universities were surveyed with self-designed questionnaire on health emergency literacy. Chi-square test and multi-level Logistic regression model were used for statistical analysis. Results: The average score of health emergency literacy knowledge and skills among the selected college students was (56.68±6.50),52.63% of which having basic health emergency literacy scores ≥60.Among the five aspects in the questionnaire, scores on nuclear and radiation incidents had the highest pass rate (90.64%), while the average score and pass rate of general knowledge applicable to various incidents were lower. The pass rate of female college students was higher than that of male in health emergency literacy awareness, infectious disease, and emergency medical rescue (P＜0.05). In health emergency literacy awareness, infectious disease, emergency medical rescue, and group acute poisoning events, the scores was statistically different among different age groups (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in health emergency literacy between college students with agricultural household registration and non-agricultural household registration (P＞0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that those of 19-21 years old(OR=3.069)or with average monthly household income of 1000-1999 Yuan(OR=8.834)had lower health emergency literacy, while college students from minority nationality(OR=0.150)had higher health emergency literacy. Conclusion: The health emergency literacy level of college students, especially the general knowledge applicable to various events, needs to be improved. Further measures should be taken to improve the health emergency literacy of college students.