Objective: To study the expression and significance of Breg, Tfh and Tfr cells in peripheral blood of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS).Methods: From March 2022 to July 2022, 20 patients who were newly diagnosed with pSS and met the screening criteria in the First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College were selected as the experimental group. Peripheral blood was collected before treatment and 3 to 6 months after treatment. At the same time, 20 age-and sex-matched healthy human peripheral blood samples were collected as the control group. The disease activity ESSDAI, ESSPRI score, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), immunoglobulin G (IgG) and other related test results were collected before and after treatment in the experimental group. In this study, the expression of CD19+CD24highCD27+Breg, CD4+CXCR5+Tfh及CD4+CXCR5+FoxP3+Tfr cells was observed by flow cytometry. SPSS26 was used for data analysis. Results: Breg cells and Tfh cells of the experimental group were lower than those of healthy control group (P＜0.05); There was no significant difference between the Tfr in the experimental group and the healthy control group (P＞0.05);The ratio of Tfr/Tfh in the experimental group was higher than that of healthy control group (P＜0.05);Compared with before treatment, the number of Breg cells in peripheral blood after treatment was increased (P＜0.05); Compared with before treatment, the number of Tfh and Tfr cells in peripheral blood after treatment was decreased (P＜0.05);There was no significant difference in the Tfr/Tfh ratio in peripheral blood between after treatment and before treatment (P＞0.05). Conclusion: Breg and Tfh in peripheral blood may be effective indicators to indicate the progress of pSS disease, providing a new idea for clinical monitoring of disease progress and stage treatment. The mechanism of Tfr and Tfr/Tfh participating in the pathogenesis of pSS may need further research to confirm.
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