Objective: To observe the effect of Ginkgo biloba extract on the behavior of schizophrenia mouse model. Methods: Male ICR mice were randomly divided into blank group, model group, positive drug group, low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose Ginkgo biloba extract groups, with 11 mice in each group. From the first day of the experiment, except the blank group, each group was intraperitoneally injected with the same dose of MK-801 (0.3 mg/kg) to prepare a schizophrenia mouse model. At the same time, the positive drug group was intraperitoneally injected with risperidone, and the Ginkgo biloba extract group was administered by gavage, once a day, for 15 days, and 1 hour after the last administration, behavioral tests, Morris water maze test (learning and memory), open field test (positive symptoms), and forced swimming test (negative symptoms) were performed. Results: In the Morris water maze experiment, compared with the blank group, the escape latency of mice in the model group increased and the number of crossing platforms decreased. Compared with the model group, the escape latency of mice in the positive drug group and the medium and high-dose Ginkgo biloba extract groups was significantly shortened, and the number of mice crossing the platform was significantly increased. In the open field experiment, compared with the blank group, the total distance of movement in the model group was significantly increased; compared with the model group, the autonomous activity of mice in the low, medium and high-dose Ginkgo biloba extract groups was increased, and had statistical significance. In the forced swimming experiment, compared with the blank group, the immobility time of mice in the model group was significantly prolonged, and compared with the model group, the immobility time of mice in the low, medium and high-dose Ginkgo biloba extract groups and positive drugs group was significantly shortened. Conclusion: Ginkgo biloba extract can improve the negative symptoms and cognitive dysfunction of the schizophrenia mouse model prepared with MK-801, but cannot improve the positive symptoms of the schizophrenia mouse model. It may be related to the effect of Ginkgo biloba extract on neurotransmitters (DA, NE, 5-HT) in mouse brain.