目的: 探讨脂肪肝在铁路职工中的流行情况及可能的危险因素,为职业病的防治提供数据支持。方法: 将2024年1月至2024年6月在蚌埠医科大学第二附属医院体检中心体检的2 658名铁路职工,依据腹部彩超结果分为脂肪肝组及非脂肪肝组。回顾性分析两组人群的性别组成、年龄、收缩压(systolic blood pressure, SBP)、舒张压(diastolic blood pressure, DBP)、空腹血糖(fasting plasma glucose, FPG)、甘油三酯(triglyceride, TG)、总胆固醇(total cholesterol, TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C)、体重指数(body mass index, BMI)之间的差异性,采用Logistic多因素回归模型探讨铁路职工群体中脂肪肝发病的可能危险因素。结果: 脂肪肝组中男性占比、年龄、SBP、DBP、BMI、TG、TC、LDL-C、FPG均高于非脂肪肝组,HDL-C的水平低于非脂肪肝组,差异均具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);Logistic多因素分析发现年龄、BMI、TG、FPG、肥胖(BMI≥28)、高TG血症、高血糖、高血压是脂肪肝发病的危险因素(P＜0.05)。结论: 脂肪肝在铁路职工群体中具有较高的检出率,高龄、肥胖、血脂异常、血糖增高、血压增高均是脂肪肝发病的危险因素。
Objective: To explore the prevalence and possible risk factors of fatty liver in railway workers, and to provide data support for the prevention and treatment of occupational diseases. Methods: From January 2024 to June 2024, 2 658 railway workers who underwent physical examination in the physical examination center of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University were divided into fatty liver group and non-fatty liver group according to the results of abdominal color Doppler ultrasound. The differences of gender, age, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and body mass index (BMI) between the two groups were analyzed retrospectively. Logistic multivariate regression model was used to explore the possible risk factors of fatty liver in railway workers. Results: The proportion of males, age, SBP, DBP, BMI, TG, TC, LDL-C and FPG in the fatty liver group were higher than those in the non-fatty liver group, the level of HDL-C was lower than that of non-fatty liver group, and the difference were statistically significant (P＜0.05). Logistic multivariate analysis showed that age, BMI, TG, FPG, obesity (BMI≥28), hypertriglyceridemia, hyperglycemia and hypertension were risk factors for fatty liver (P＜0.05). Conclusion: Fatty liver has a high detection rate in railway workers. Advanced age, obesity, dyslipidemia, elevated blood glucose, and elevated blood pressure are all risk factors for fatty liver.
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