目的: 探讨围术期营养集束化管理策略在胰十二指肠切除术患者中的应用。方法: 选取2021年8月至2025年2月于本院行胰十二指肠切除术的56例患者为研究对象,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组各28例患者。对照组采取围术期的常规营养护理;观察组采取围术期营养集束化管理策略,于患者的术前、术后进行集束化营养管理(包括营养知识教育、营养评估筛查、保证营养摄入、康复运动指导、心理支持、术后下床时间、术后首次经口进食时间等)。比较两组患者术后恢复指标(排气时间、下床时间、首次经口进食时间、住院时间)和营养状况(NRS-2002评分)。结果: 与对照组比较,观察组患者术后的排气时间、下床时间、首次经口进食时间、住院时间均更短,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);观察组对比对照组术前营养风险评分比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),观察组术后1周、3周营养风险评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论: 围术期营养集束化管理策略能显著加快患者术后康复,改善营养状况,缩短住院时间,提升护理质量。
Objective: To investigate the application of perioperative nutritional cluster management strategy in patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy. Methods: A total of 56 patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy in our hospital from August 2021 to February 2025 were randomly divided into observation group and control group, with 28 patients in each group. The control group received perioperative routine nutritional care. The observation group adopted the perioperative nutrition cluster management strategy. That was the patient's preoperative and postoperative cluster nutrition management (including nutrition knowledge education, nutrition assessment screening, ensuring nutrition intake, rehabilitation exercise guidance, psychological support, postoperative ambulation time, postoperative first oral feeding time, etc.). The postoperative recovery indexes (exhaust time, ambulation time, first oral feeding time, hospitalization time) and nutritional status (NRS-2002 score) were compared between the two groups. Results: Compared with the control group, the exhaust time, ambulation time, first oral feeding time and hospitalization time of the observation group were shorter, the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in preoperative nutritional risk scores between the observation group and the control group (P＞0.05). The nutritional risk score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group at 1 week and 3 weeks after operation, and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). Conclusion: Perioperative nutrition cluster management strategy can significantly accelerate postoperative rehabilitation, improve nutritional status, shorten hospitalization time and improve nursing quality.
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