目的：研究并分析胆囊切除术后1~5年间人群的肠道菌群改变。方法：选取于包头市中心医院诊治的患者,收集健康人群粪便样本15份,胆囊切除术后1~5年的人群粪便样本16份。对收集到的样本进行菌群测序,分析两组人群肠道微生物菌群生物的组成、丰富度及多样性,并比较两组人群之间的肠道微生物菌群的差异。结果：(1)在门水平上,胆囊切除术后1~5年间人群在拟杆菌门、变形菌门、疣微菌门、梭杆菌门的相对丰度增加,而在放线菌门的相对丰度降低。(2)在属水平,胆囊切除术后1~5年间人群在埃希氏杆菌属、瘤胃球菌属、布劳特氏菌属、芽殖菌属的相对丰度增加,而在粪杆菌属、双歧杆菌属、柯林斯菌属、Agathobacter的相对丰度降低。健康人群组的Chao1指数和Observed_species指数高于胆囊切除术后1~5年间人群组,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);健康人群组的Pielou evenness略低于胆囊切除术后1~5年间人群组,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。胆囊切除术后1~5年间人群组中毛螺菌、瘤胃球菌、Faecalimonas、伯克氏菌是组间差异明显的肠道菌群。结论：(1) 胆囊切除术后1~5年人群肠道菌群的组成发生改变。(2)胆囊切除术后1~5年的人群中产短链脂肪酸的细菌及益生菌的相对丰度减少,而致病菌的相对丰度增加。
Objective: To study and analyze the changes of intestinal flora in 1-5 years after cholecystectomy. Methods: A total of 15 fecal samples of healthy people and 16 fecal samples of people 1 to 5 years after cholecystectomy were collected from Baotou Central Hospital. The collected samples were sequenced to analyze the composition, richness and diversity of intestinal microbial flora in the two groups, and to compare the differences of intestinal microbial flora between the two groups. Results: (1) At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobia and Fusobacteria increased, while the relative abundance of Actinobacteria decreased in the population 1-5 years after cholecystectomy. (2) At the genus level, the relative abundance of Escherichia, Ruminococcus, Blautia, and Gemmatiaceae increased, while the relative abundance of Faecalibacterium, Bifidobacterium, Collins, and Agathobacter decreased in the population 1 to 5 years after cholecystectomy. The Chao1 index and Observed _ species index of the healthy population group were higher than those of the population group 1-5 years after cholecystectomy, and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05). The Pielou evenness of the healthy population group was slightly lower than that of the population group 1-5 years after cholecystectomy, and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcus, Faecalimonas and Burkholderia were the intestinal flora with significant differences between the groups in the population group from 1 to 5 years after cholecystectomy. Conclusion: (1) The composition of intestinal flora in the population 1-5 years after cholecystectomy has changed. (2) The relative abundance of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria and probiotics in the population 1-5 years after cholecystectomy decreased, while the relative abundance of pathogenic bacteria increased.
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