目的: 分析精神分裂症中医的证候分型,为中医诊疗该病提供一定的临床辅助参考。方法: 通过专家论证、古籍整理出的精神分裂症中医相关证候采集问卷量表,收集了182例患者的病证资料,通过聚类分析、因子分析的方法,总结归纳出该病的中医证候类型。结果: 182例精神分裂症的中医四诊证候共计22个方面184项临床症状体征,通过因子分析得到23个公因子,归纳总结为6个因子证候组合,按解释总方差降序依次为:痰湿内阻(34.79%)、火盛伤阴(16.95%)、湿热内蕴(16.57%)、气血两虚(13.85%)、气虚内热(9.88%)、脾胃气滞(7.96%)。结论: 聚类分析、因子分析可以作为研究中医证候的方法,从获得的结论来看精神分裂症相关的病理因素为痰湿。

Objective: To discuss and analyze the syndrome classification of schizophrenia in traditional Chinese medicine, and to provide some clinical auxiliary reference for the diagnosis and treatment of schizophrenia in traditional Chinese medicine. Methods: Through expert argumentation and ancient books, the questionnaire scale of traditional Chinese medicine related syndromes of schizophrenia was collected, and the data of 182 patients were collected. Through cluster analysis and factor analysis, the traditional Chinese medicine syndrome types of the disease were summarized. Results: There were 184 clinical symptoms and signs in 182 cases of schizophrenia in 22 aspects of traditional Chinese medicine four diagnostic syndromes. Through factor analysis, 23 common factors were obtained and summarized into 6 factor syndrome combinations. According to the total variance of interpretation, the descending order was as follows: phlegm resistance (34.79%), fire excess and yin injury (16.95%), endoretention of damp heat (16.57%), qi and blood deficiency (13.85%), qi deficiency and internal heat (9.88%), spleen and stomach qi stagnation (7.96%). Conclusion: Cluster analysis and factor analysis can be used as methods to study traditional Chinese medicine syndromes. From the conclusions obtained, the pathological factors related to schizophrenia are phlegm-dampness.