目的: 探讨免疫组化检测乳腺癌组织病理ALEX1水平与临床特征的相关性。方法: 77例乳腺癌及癌旁2 cm标本分别采用免疫组化、免疫印迹及PCR检测ALEX1阳性率、蛋白及mRNA水平,并进行与临床病理特征的相关性分析。结果: ALEX1在77例乳腺癌组织及癌旁组织细胞膜上呈现黄色及黄棕色表达,ALEX1在乳腺癌组织的阳性表达有45例(58.44%),在癌旁组织有61例,阳性率为79.22%,组间比较有明显差异(χ2=4.199,P＜0.05);ALEX1在77例乳腺癌组织及癌旁组织蛋白表达分别为2.05±0.55、4.11±0.69,ALEX1在乳腺癌组织中蛋白含量低于癌旁组织,组间比较存在显著差异(t=20.85,P＜0.001);ALEX1 mRNA在77例癌旁组织及乳腺癌组织中表达为1.00±0.00、0.45±0.08,ALEX1mRNA在不同组织中表达存在明显差异(t=60.330,P＜0.001);ALEX1表达与病理类型、病理等级和淋巴结转移存在相关性(P＜0.05),与其他指标均无相关性(P＞0.05);按照3分为界限,观察ALEX1水平高低与临床病理关系,ALEX1水平降低与乳腺癌患者浸润性导管癌、病理等级Ⅱ~Ⅲ具有相关性(P＜0.05);ALEX1在乳腺癌疾病中AUC值为0.646,特异性及灵敏度分别为55.42%、65.02%,说明检测ALEX1表达水平对乳腺癌病理诊断存在意义。结论: ALEX1在癌旁组织中表达水平显著高于乳腺癌组织,ALEX1表达降低与乳腺癌淋巴结转移及病理分级升高相关。
Objective: To explore the correlation between ALEX1 level and clinical features of breast cancer histopathologic detection by immunohistochemistry. Methods: ALEX1 positive rate, protein and mRNA levels were detected by immunohistochemistry, western blotting and PCR in 77 cases of breast cancer and 2 cm adjacent specimens, and the correlation between ALEX1 and clinicopathologic features was analyzed. Results: ALEX1 showed yellow and yellowish brown expression in the cell membrane of 77 breast cancer tissues and adjacent tissues. ALEX1 positive expression in 45 breast cancer tissues was 58.44%, and positive rate in 61 adjacent tissues was 79.22%. There was significant difference between groups (χ2=4.199, P＜0.05). The protein expression of ALEX1 in 77 breast cancer tissues and adjacent tissues was 2.05±0.55 and 4.11±0.69, respectively. The protein content of ALEX1 in breast cancer tissues was lower than that in adjacent tissues, and there was significant difference between groups (t=20.85, P＜0.001). The expression of ALEX1mRNA was 1.00±0.00 and 0.45±0.08 in 77 paracancer tissues and breast tissues, and there were significant differences in the expression of ALEX1mRNA in different tissues (t=60.330,P＜0.001). ALEX1 expression was correlated with pathological type, pathological grade and lymph node metastasis (P＜0.05), but not with other indicators (P＞0.05). The relationship between ALEX1 level and clinicopathology was observed according to the 3 classification boundaries. The decreased level of ALEX1 was correlated with invasive ductal carcinoma and pathological grade Ⅱ to Ⅲ of breast cancer patients (P＜0.05). The AUC area of ALEX1 in breast cancer was 0.646, and the specificity and sensitivity were 55.42% and 65.02%, respectively, indicating the significance of ALEX1 expression detection in the pathological diagnosis of breast cancer. Conclusion: The expression level of ALEX1 in paracancer tissues is significantly higher than that in breast cancer tissues, and the decreased expression of ALEX1 is associated with increased lymph node metastasis and pathological grade of breast cancer.
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