目的: 探讨Orem自理模式结合康复训练在慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者中的应用效果。方法: 选取2019年10月至2021年12月本院收治的慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者106例,根据随机数字表法分为Orem组和康复组各53例,所有患者给予常规治疗和护理措施,康复组给予康复训练干预,Orem组给予Orem自理模式结合康复训练干预,比较两组患者干预前后肺功能治疗和血气指标、自我护理能力评分,并对两组患者负性情绪和生活质量进行比较,统计两组患者护理满意度。结果: 干预前两组患者肺功能指标、血气指标、自我护理能力评分差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);干预后,Orem组第1秒用力呼气容积(forced expiratory volume in one second, FEV1)、用力肺活量(forced vital capacity, FVC)和FEV1/FVC水平高于康复组(P＜0.05);干预后,Orem组动脉血氧分压(partial pressure of oxygen, PaO₂)和血氧饱和度(oxygen saturation, SpO₂)水平高于康复组(P＜0.05),自护技能、自护责任感、自我概念和自护知识评分高于康复组(P＜0.05),抑郁自评量表(Self-Rating Depression Scale, SDS)和生存质量特异性量表(Diabetes Specific Quality of Life,QSQL)评分低于康复组(P＜0.05),患者总满意度(96.23%)高于康复组(79.25%)(χ² =10.610,P=0.005)。结论: Orem自理模式结合康复训练在慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者中的应用效果较好,可明显改善患者肺功能和血气指标,提高患者自我护理能力,改善患者焦虑情绪,提高生活质量,患者满意度较高,值得进一步推广应用。

Objective: To explore the application effect of Orem self-care mode combined with rehabilitation training in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) based clinical experience. Methods: A total of 106 COPD patients treated in our hospital from October 2019 to December 2021 were randomly divided into the Orem group and the rehabilitation group. All patients were given routine treatment and nursing measures. The rehabilitation group was given rehabilitation training intervention, and the Orem group was given Orem self-care combining with rehabilitation training intervention. The pulmonary function and blood gas levels of the two groups were compared before and after intervention. The scores of self-care ability before and after intervention, the negative emotions and quality of life, and the nursing satisfaction of the two groups was compared. Results: There were no significant differences in lung function indexes, blood gas levels and self-care ability scores between the two groups before intervention (P＞0.05). After intervention, the levels of FEV1, FVC and FEV1/FVC in the Orem group were higher than those in the rehabilitation group, and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05). After intervention, the levels of PaO₂ and SpO₂ in the Orem group were higher than those in the rehabilitation group (P＜0.05). Scores of self-care skills, self-care responsibility, self-concept and self-care knowledge in the Orem group were higher than those in the rehabilitation group after intervention, and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05). After intervention, SDS and QSQL scores of the Orem group were lower than those of the rehabilitation group (P＜0.05). The total satisfaction of patients in the Orem group (96.23%) was significantly higher than that of the rehabilitation group (79.25%) (χ² =10.610, P=0.005). Conclusion: Orem self-care model combined with rehabilitation training has a good effect in patients with COPD. It could significantly improve patients' lung function and blood gas levels, enhance patients' self-care ability, decrease patients' anxiety, and improve their quality of life with high degree of patient satisfaction, which is worthy of further popularization and application.